Population record
Saudi Arabia · 500 retained evidence mentions
Source-grounded findings
Supporting evidence
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report from Saudi Arabia on familial ANE with the common RANBP2 variant, with variable clinical, radiological, and outcome findings within the same family.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We aimed to describe clinical characteristics, survival, post-transplant morbidity, and exploratory factors associated with mortality in a single-center Saudi cohort.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Autosomal recessive forms are extremely rare and have been reported predominantly in families from Saudi Arabia carrying the homozygous COL1A1 missense variant c.2050G>A, p.(Glu684Lys), with clinical presentations ranging from severe to mild.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed in a proband from a Saudi family who presented in early childhood with clinical and biochemical features consistent with FGD (Low basal and stimulated cortisol of < 5 nmol/l and extremely elevated ACTH levels of > 2500 pg/ml) and seizure disorder requiring medical treatment and with basal ganglia changes noted on brain MRI at presentation.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “From wheelchair to walking: first reported case in Saudi Arabia of transformative orthopedic surgery in a patient with spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity type 3 due to EXOC6B mutation-a case report. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 16-year-old Saudi girl with severe bilateral hip and knee involvement since early childhood. CONCLUSION: This case represents the first documented report of SEMD-JL3 managed surgically in Saudi Arabia and highlights how individualized, staged orthopedic interventions can significantly improve function and quality of life in patients with rare skeletal dysplasias.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Response to Letter to the Editor Regarding: Knowledge and Awareness of Tourette's Syndrome Among Teachers in Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. In this response to the Letter to the Editor regarding our article "Knowledge and Awareness of Tourette's Syndrome among Teachers in Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia", we address the correspondents' methodological observations.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “High prevalence of poly cystic ovary syndrome among young Saudi medical students: an observational cross-sectional study.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This case series describes the clinical characteristics, mutation profiles, and visual outcomes in patients from Saudi Arabia and Yemen, regions where reported data remain scarce.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Heimler Syndrome Caused by Novel PEX6 Variants: Clinical and Genetic Characterization in a Saudi Cohort. Methods: We investigated two unrelated Saudi families presenting with congenital hearing loss and retinal dystrophy who were initially diagnosed with Usher syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of the PEX6 p.Val97Gly variant associated with Heimler syndrome in a Saudi population, underscoring the value of whole-exome sequencing for accurate diagnosis and genetic counseling in individuals with inherited sensory disorders.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Denys-Drash Syndrome by WT1 Gene: Clinical Variability and Management Challenges in Two Saudi Infants.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Ophthalmic manifestations and management of Traboulsi syndrome in three children of a Saudi family. Here, we present three children (siblings and one cousin) of one Saudi family with clinical features and genetic profiles consistent with this syndrome.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Comment on: Knowledge and Awareness of Tourette's Syndrome Among Teachers in Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND: We read with interest the article by Alwusaybie et al. examining teachers' knowledge and awareness of Tourette syndrome in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis mimicking ALS: First genetically proven case report from Saudi Arabia. CASE REPORT: We report the first genetically confirmed case of ATTRv mimicking amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Lack of knowledge of thalassemia among non-medical university students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. BACKGROUND: Thalassemia is a prevalent hereditary hematological condition in Saudi Arabia, with carrier frequencies between 1.8 and 3.2%. Nationality emerged as the only significant predictor of high knowledge (OR = 1.975, p < 0.01), with non-Saudi students demonstrating greater awareness.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: In this multicenter retrospective cohort (N = 1000; 200 per monotherapy group) across Saudi Arabia, SCORAD was extracted at baseline and mapped to prespecified weeks 2, 6, 12, and 24.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Saudi patients mapped to a single locus and shared therein a homozygous founder WDR59 variant: c.2887G>A (p.Gly963Arg).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE REPORT An 8-year-old Saudi girl presented to the emergency department with sudden deterioration of vision in the right eye.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A Case of Mitochondrial Myopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Sideroblastic Anemia (MLASA Syndrome) and Long QT Interval in a 10-Year-Old Saudi Child. In addition, while MLASA syndrome has been reported from several countries worldwide, we present the first patient with MLASA1 syndrome from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in this case report.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Saul Wilson Syndrome: A Case Report With New Features in Saudi Arabia. We report the first case from Saudi Arabia with previously unreported facial dysmorphic features, expanding the known phenotypic spectrum and emphasizing the importance of recognizing phenotypic variability in rare disorders.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 35 Presenting with Dysphagia in a Patient from Saudi Arabia: A Case Report and Literature Review. We report the first documented case of SCA35 in Saudi Arabia, together with a focused literature review. A 35-year-old Saudi man presented to a neurology clinic with severe gait instability following nonspecific symptoms, including unintentional weight loss, dysphagia, abdominal pain, and intermittent diplopia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “It is also important to consider regional contexts, such as the Middle East and Saudi Arabia, where rising IBD incidence due to urbanization and unique genetic architectures may affect biomarker performance and therapy response.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “While renal involvement is well-documented, extrarenal manifestations, particularly in the nasopharynx, are exceptionally rare.Patient PresentationA 27-year-old Saudi female patient with a history of cystinosis and renal transplantation presented with unilateral tinnitus, vertigo, and nasal obstruction.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Metagenomic investigation of VIM-type metallo-β-lactamase-producing multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with a hospital outbreak across multiple hospital units in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “First identification and molecular characterisation of a rare D- - donor in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: This is the first molecularly confirmed D- - donor reported in Saudi Arabia and the wider Middle East, and the first description of the RHCE*CeN.08 allele in this region.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Retraction: The Association Between Janus Kinase 2 and Factor V Leiden Mutations and Thrombotic Complications in Patients With Myeloproliferative Disorders: A Study From Saudi Arabia. [This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.74401.].” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report a 39-year-old Saudi male with genetically confirmed classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (cEDS) associated with COL5A1 variants who presented with acute decreased level of consciousness, expressive aphasia, and mild right-sided weakness.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), severely limits tomato production in Saudi Arabia, with few environmentally friendly control options available.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Characterization of Four mcr-1-Harbouring Foodborne Salmonella Isolates Recovered from Poultry in Saudi Arabia. In 2022, mcr-1 was identified for the first time in Salmonella isolates recovered from chicken meat in Saudi Arabia, prompting the need for further genomic investigation. Conclusions: This study provides the first detailed genomic insight into mcr-1-positive Salmonella isolates from food in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Huanglongbing, a destructive citrus disease of global importance that is also present in Saudi Arabia, is associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) and remains a major threat to citrus production. In this study, we analyzed 42 CLas prophage genomes from Saudi Arabia and other geographic regions using a comparative orthogroup framework. Saudi Arabian genomes were distributed within the broader global framework and exhibited generally similar gene-content profiles rather than a deeply separated lineage.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A 10-year-old Saudi girl with a homozygous GLIS3 gene deletion presented with the classic triad of neonatal diabetes mellitus, congenital hypothyroidism, and congenital glaucoma.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Comparative evaluation of neural networks and ensemble models for vegetation trend prediction in a semiarid mountain ecosystem, Saudi Arabia. This study investigates vegetation dynamics in a semiarid mountain ecosystem in southwestern Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2024 by integrating multisource remote sensing data, bioclimatic variables, and machine learning models.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Bridging the Gap: The Critical Next Steps for Implementing Genetic Risk Scores in Myocardial Infarction Prevention in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Eligible studies included original research conducted in the GCC countries (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Bahrain) investigating human, animal, or environmental microbiomes. Research output increased substantially after 2020 but remained uneven among the GCC countries, with Saudi Arabia contributing 44% of publications, whereas Bahrain and Oman together accounted for fewer than 7%.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Homozygous TFR2 (c.2093_2096del) Mutation in an Asymptomatic Patient With Type 3 Hereditary Hemochromatosis, First Report From Saudi Arabia. We report a 37-year-old Saudi male who was incidentally found to have markedly elevated ferritin levels during routine laboratory testing. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported case of homozygous TFR2 c.2093_2096del mutation-associated hereditary hemochromatosis in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, multicountry-study was carried out in seven Middle Eastern and Asian countries (high income: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, UAE; lower-middle income: Egypt, Pakistan, Jordan) at major government and university cleft care referral centers.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Correction: Untargeted metabolomics reveals distinct biomarkers and metabolic alterations in familial and non-genetic hypercholesterolemia in Saudi patients. [This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1670282.].” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Status, Risk, and Production Practices of Local Sheep and Goat Breeds in Saudi Arabia: Insights from a Breeder Survey. Genetic resources of small ruminants are essential for food security in arid regions; however, basic data for each breed in Saudi Arabia remain incomplete.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “An 11-year-old Saudi female diagnosed with TBRS presented for dental clearance prior to planned transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) device closure.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Dowling-Degos-Like Flexural Hyperpigmentation in a Two-Year-Old Saudi Girl. A two-year-old Saudi girl presented with a one-year history of progressive, asymptomatic, velvety hyperpigmented plaques involving the axillae, anogenital region, and face.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: In this study, 30 MRSA isolates associated with significant morbidity were recovered from King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis with concomitant MRI confirmed sacroiliitis in an 18-year-old Saudi female: A case report of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. PATIENT CONCERNS: An 18-year-old Saudi woman presented with inflammatory peripheral joint pain, associated with chronic axial symptoms suggestive of sacroiliac involvement.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Real-world effectiveness and safety of ranibizumab biosimilar FYB-201 in Saudi Arabia (Ravegza) and Jordan (Uptera): a middle eastern extension of the FORCE study.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “To our knowledge, this is the first reported case from Saudi Arabia describing early everolimus treatment for neonatal CRHM and highlighting the critical role of the clinical pharmacist in individualized dosing, therapeutic monitoring, and caregiver education.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Novel Bacterial Biocontrol Agents for Sustainable Management of Olive Mite Pests in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prioritizing drugs for future clinical pharmacogenomics studies in Saudi Arabia: a generalizable multi-criteria framework. In Saudi Arabia, PGx studies have primarily focused on variant frequencies rather than drug-specific outcomes. This study aimed to develop a scalable framework to prioritize most frequently prescribed drugs for future clinical PGx investigation in the Saudi population. Top-ranked drugs showed convergence between real-world clinical signals, guideline-supported PGx mechanisms, and previously reported Saudi genetic data. The framework reproduced three clinically relevant drug-gene associations previously reported in Saudi cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: This Phase-1 initiative provides a structured, reproducible approach for PGx drug prioritization in Saudi Arabia and a practical roadmap for building locally relevant clinical PGx evidence.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old Saudi female with hypothyroidism underwent left inferior parathyroidectomy and left hemithyroidectomy for biochemically confirmed PHPT.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: We examined 2,530 fish specimens from nine Epinephelus species collected from Arabian Gulf waters (Saudi Arabia). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first morphological, molecular, and histopathological characterization of nasal cavity didymozoids in E. coioides from Saudi Arabian waters of the Arabian Gulf.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we present a case of a Saudi Arabian female child who was born extremely preterm.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Pathological Features and Genotyping of Mycobacterium avium sub spp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in Small Ruminants in Saudi Arabia. Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is endemic in Saudi Arabia and contributes to substantial production losses in small-ruminant herds. Collectively, these findings demonstrate widespread MAP infection among small ruminants in Saudi Arabia, with higher detection rates and more pronounced pathology in goats, and highlight the genetic heterogeneity of circulating MAP strains.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “To achieve this, the present study evaluated six durum wheat genotypes (GENs) across six different environments (ENVs) in Saudi Arabia [comprising control (optimal), drought stress, and heat stress conditions over two seasons, totaling six ENVs].” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report the case of a 15-year-old previously healthy Saudi male patient who presented with a persistent erythematous and scaly eruption lasting for more than three months.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Exploring IGF-1 Gene Polymorphisms in Diverse Saudi Arabian Dromedary Camel Breeds. Limited information is available regarding its genetic polymorphisms in Saudi camel breeds. This study aimed to investigate genetic variation in the IGF-1 gene among Saudi camel breeds to provide baseline genetic information for future association studies. A total of 176 camels representing six Saudi breeds were sampled. This study provides the first baseline characterization of IGF-1 polymorphisms among Saudi camel breeds.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report the case of a 15-year-old Saudi female patient who presented with prolonged vaginal bleeding and severe iron deficiency anemia requiring packed red blood cell transfusion.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Desert Plant Endophyte Microbial Collection is one of the largest curated repositories of 2500 cultivable endophytic bacteria isolated from 23 native desert plant species across Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Pakistan.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Integrative phytochemical profiling and in silico nutrigenomic predictions of Chinese tea-Saudi Mentha longifolia blend formulations. In Saudi Arabia, Mentha longifolia L. has long been used in traditional medicine, while China is renowned for its diverse teas derived from Camellia sinensis L.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic resources for two apex avian predators from Saudi Arabia: Falco biarmicus and Falco peregrinus.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study reports and characterizes long-read 16S rRNA sequences from clinical multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae sequences associated with mechanical-ventilated pneumonia infections in intensive care unit (ICU) hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Phylogenetic trees showed that the 63 sequences formed well-supported clusters distinct from many global K. pneumoniae reference genomes in NCBI yet closely related to locally reported Saudi K. pneumoniae genomes, suggesting regionally adapted lineages.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Correction: Toward a clearer vision: epidemiology and symptom-based clinical patterns of dry eye disease in the Saudi population. [This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1763735.].” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Serological and Molecular Characterization of Prevalent Olive-Associated Viruses in Saudi Arabia. A survey was carried out during 2023-2024, and 363 asymptomatic and symptomatic olive samples with deformed leaves, mosaic, and yellow spots were collected from different regions in Saudi Arabia. This is the first comprehensive survey to investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of seven olive viruses detected in olive trees in Saudi Arabia, which can provide the missing local epidemiological understanding.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Hospital-Based Surveillance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Other Klebsiella species in Southern Saudi Arabia (2012-2024): Escalating Carbapenem and DTR Resistance with Species-Specific Phenotypes and Genotypes. In Saudi Arabia, rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the emergence of difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) phenotypes pose significant clinical challenges. METHODS: A 12-year retrospective surveillance study (2012-2024) of 9790 non-duplicate Klebsiella isolates from Aseer Central Hospital in southern Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: This study highlights escalating carbapenem and DTR resistance among Klebsiella species in southern Saudi Arabia, driven by species-specific mechanisms and widespread carbapenemase gene dissemination.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A rare variant of lichen planopilaris: Familial Graham-Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic insights into the prevalence and genetic diversity of Salmonella in chicken eggs in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, data integrating genomic epidemiology with conventional microbiological surveillance in eggs remain limited. Within the Saudi context, implementing WGS-based surveillance aligns with One Health principles and enhances preparedness against emerging foodborne AMR threats.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Molecular mechanism of anticancer activity of selected coastal marsh plants from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In Saudi Arabia, the increasing incidence necessitates comprehensive strategies for prevention, early detection, and effective treatment.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study applies metagenomic whole-genome shotgun sequencing to characterize the archaeal component of the rhizospheric microbiome associated with the wild plant species Moringa oleifera in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetic Relationship of Parabuthus liosoma (Ehrenberg, 1828) (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Saudi Arabia. (1) Background. Parabuthus liosoma is one of the largest buthid scorpion species and is endemic to Saudi Arabia and Yemen. This study provides the first DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of P. liosoma from Saudi Arabia, contributing to global efforts in arachnid molecular identification and biodiversity documentation. (2) Methods. The whole genome was extracted from nine adult individuals of P. liosoma, collected from Farasan Island, southwest of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report the case of a 40-year-old Saudi woman with known G6PD deficiency who experienced recurrent vaso-occlusive crises triggered by pregnancy.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence and molecular characterization of Theileria sp. from endangered Arabian gazelles in Saudi Arabia. Wildlife conservation in Saudi Arabia is gaining much attention from the authorities. Hemoparasites among endangered Saudi wildlife have not been studied before. The prevalence of Theileria infection in gazelles at KKWRC in Saudi Arabia was reported for the first time.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Evaluation of genetic studies on camels in Saudi Arabia: traits, tools, and applications. In Saudi Arabia, the dromedary camel (Arabian camel) has enormous cultural, economic, and ecological importance. This review summarizes findings from recent research on the genetic diversity, population structure, and functional traits of Saudi Arabian camels.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A lytic E. coli phage (GADS24) was isolated from poultry waste in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Building genomic medicine in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Autism Spectrum Disorder and Long-Term Survival in Attenuated Molybdenum Cofactor Deficiency Type A: A Case Report From Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 6-year-old Saudi girl who presented with persistent neutropenia, recurrent upper respiratory infections, and an episode of thrombocytopenia following a dental procedure.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “National Heart Center/Saudi Heart Association 2025 Guidelines for Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention and Risk Assessment. OBJECTIVES: To develop an evidence-based clinical guideline for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Saudi Arabia, tailored to local epidemiology and healthcare needs. METHODS: A multidisciplinary task force comprising cardiologists, public health specialists, and epidemiologists from different healthcare sectors in Saudi Arabia developed the guideline. Evidence synthesis was based on a comprehensive literature review and adaptation of international guidelines, particularly the 2021 European Society of Cardiology recommendations, contextualized to the Saudi setting. CONCLUSION: This guideline presents an updated, evidence-based framework specifically designed for the Saudi population, underscoring prevention, lifestyle modification, and optimized pharmacologic management to address the rising burden of CVDs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Intensive Care Units in Saudi Arabia: A 10-Year Systematic Review. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize research on the prevalence and distribution patterns of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) across Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A systematic analysis was conducted, including cross-sectional, retrospective, and genomic studies from various tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: The high and rising prevalence of CRE in Saudi Arabian ICUs underscores the urgent need for standardized molecular diagnostics, comprehensive surveillance systems, and targeted antimicrobial stewardship programs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Saudi FDA drug evaluation timeline in comparison with international counterparts: a retrospective observational study. The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) oversees drug evaluation in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Epidemiology and carbapenemase gene distribution among carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales: a two-year retrospective study in a Saudi tertiary hospital. This retrospective study aimed to examine the epidemiological, microbiological, and molecular characteristics of CRE isolates collected from January 2023 to January 2025 at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Resistance to colistin and ceftazidime-avibactam was observed in 23.5% and 24.1% of isolates, respectively, a finding that is clinically concerning given the reliance on colistin as salvage therapy and on ceftazidime–avibactam as a key targeted treatment option for CREs in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides updated insights into the molecular epidemiology of CREs in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Lycium shawii Roem. & Schult., a stress-resilient medicinal plant native to the deserts of Saudi Arabia, possesses notable bioactive compounds used in traditional medicine for treating inflammation, oxidative stress, and other ailments.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Functional annotation of HBV-associated host genetic variants in the Saudi population: A bioinformatic analysis for precision hepatitis B research. HBV-related SNPs have been identified in the population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), however, there is a lack of in-depth characterization of the translational and functional impact of these SNPs. This narrative review summarizes and functionally contextualizes the twenty-three reported SNPs across ten genes that showed significant association with HBV-related complications within the Saudi population. The review also highlights future research directions for HBV genomics in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Parental knowledge and access barriers in the management of cleft lip and/or palate: A cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate Saudi parents' understanding, perspectives, and behaviors concerning CLP in their children. A cross-sectional survey was administered to parents of children with CLP in Saudi Arabia. A total of 156 Saudi parents participated in the study. The findings indicate that while Saudi parents possess adequate knowledge of surgical and multidisciplinary management of cleft conditions, gaps persist in awareness of preventive measures and early intervention.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Integrated Phenotypic-Genotypic Surveillance of Neuraminidase Inhibitor Susceptibility in Influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B/Victoria Viruses in Saudi Arabia, 2024-2025. We profiled current-season susceptibility among influenza A(H1N1), A(H3N2), and B/Victoria viruses circulating in Saudi Arabia (2024-2025) using paired phenotypic and genotypic methods. Phylogenies interleaved Saudi isolates within global clades without evidence of clonal expansion of reduced-susceptibility variants. During 2024-2025, influenza A viruses in Saudi Arabia remained broadly susceptible to NAIs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Characterization of Pseudomonas mediterranea and Pseudomonas viridiflava strains associated with tomato pith necrosis in the Al Taif region, Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the bacterial etiology and the (inter)national context of disease outbreaks during the 2023-2024 growing seasons in Al Taif, Saudi Arabia (SA).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Rafiq syndrome in a Saudi patient: novel homozygous MAN1B1 variant (c.1118C>G; p.Pro373Arg) and expanded phenotypic spectrum.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Management Strategies: A Review. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem and a leading cause of death in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Advancing Lipid Management: Saudi Heart Association Position Statement on PCSK9-targeted Therapies in the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. BACKGROUND: Despite robust evidence for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention, attainment of guideline-recommended targets remains suboptimal in Saudi Arabia, especially among high- and very high-risk patients. METHODS: The Saudi Heart Association (SHA) convened a multidisciplinary panel to review evidence from randomized controlled trials, real-world studies, and economic analyses on PCSK9-targeted therapies. Recommendations were developed through expert consensus, contextualized to the Saudi healthcare environment. For Saudi populations, targeted integration of these agents into combination regimens offers a significant opportunity to close LDL-C treatment gaps and reduce residual ASCVD risk.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Rare genetic causes of primary microcephaly in two Saudi families identified via whole-exome sequencing: Genomic and phenotypic delineation of pathogenic CDK5RAP2 and CIT variants. Here, we report two unrelated Saudi families with children diagnosed with primary microcephaly at birth.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A Case Report of Thrombocytopenia Caused by a May-Hegglin Anomaly in a Young Saudi Female. The condition is under-reported in Saudi Arabia; therefore, we report the current case. This is a 24-year-old Saudi lady, presented to the emergency room with vaginal bleeding.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Identifying NDUFA12 mutation in a Saudi family: An unusual presentation of mitochondrial Complex I deficiency mimicking as idiopathic intracranial hypertension in a patient with papilledema and visual loss.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The distribution of reported variants was as follows: Saudi Arabia 32.7% (16/49), Algeria 20.4% (10/49), Egypt 20.4% (10/49), Tunisia 10.2% (5/49), Morocco 6.1% (3/49), Libya 4.1% (2/49), Lebanon 4.1% (2/49), and Oman 2.0% (1/49).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “High-Throughput Sequencing Reveals Regional Diversification of Cucurbit-Infecting Begomoviruses in Eastern Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, cucurbit crops such as zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) and snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina) are major vegetables and key dietary components, yet their associated viral threats remain poorly understood. These results provide a comprehensive genomic insight into cucurbit-infecting begomoviruses in Eastern Saudi Arabia. The results establish a foundation for advanced molecular surveillance and breeding strategies, contributing to improved food security and supporting Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 goals for sustainable agriculture.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report a case of an 11-month-old Saudi boy who presented to our dermatology clinic at King Fahad University Hospital in Al-Khobar (Saudi Arabia) with short, non-growing hair since birth.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This retrospective, observational, analytical, laboratory-based study represents one of the early reports from Saudi Arabia and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region evaluating the in vitro activity of IMP-REL using archived clinical isolates with prospectively performed testing, and examining its association with carbapenem minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and β-lactamase classes.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin gene classified the virus within lineage G5.5, showing closer genetic similarity to strains circulating in the Middle East (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Israel) than to those in East or West Africa.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Comparative analysis with sequences from Ghana, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, and China revealed a star-like haplotype network with limited genetic overlap and generally high haplotype diversity.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “First molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Echinococcus granulosus (sensu stricto) genotype 1 in human in Saudi Arabia. Currently, little information is available on the genetic figure of Echinococcus species among human in Saudi Arabia. 100 % of the FFPTs samples that gave clear reaction were of G1 genotype indicating the predominance of this genotype in Saudi Arabia, especially in Taif governorate. This report has provided, for the first time, an insight of the molecular genotyping of hydatidosis in human cases in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: A female Arab Saudi patient in her late 20s with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented with reduced oral intake, abdominal pain, decreased urine output, tachypnea, shortness of breath, and acute heart failure.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Pediatric Residents' Awareness and Practices Toward Critical Congenital Heart Disease Screening in Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Study. This study evaluated pediatric residents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to CCHD screening in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to pediatric residents across Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary Saudi hospital.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHOD: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify risk factors influencing Myocardial Infarction (MI) outcomes in Saudi Arabia and Gulf countries.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “SETTING: A single tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Antiseizure Drug Adherence in Pediatric Patients With Epilepsy and the Associated Factors in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of adherence to antiseizure medications and related factors in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This study was carried out using a cross-sectional methodology to determine the prevalence of antiseizure medication adherence among children with epilepsy aged ≤17 years in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A total of 118 occupational therapists (61.0% female; 56.8% aged 20-29 years; 78.0% bachelor-level preparation; 58.5% in governmental services) from 13 MENA countries were analysed, with Kuwait (37.3%), Saudi Arabia (19.5%) and Jordan (11.9%) providing most responses.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Enhancing Service Providers' Fidelity of Functional Behavior Assessment Implementation for Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Saudi Arabia. To date, no empirical studies have investigated the effectiveness of structured FBA training programs on service providers' fidelity of FBA implementation within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) context.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Neurocysticercosis Presenting With Status Epilepticus in a Young South African Male Patient in Saudi Arabia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. We report a case of a 34-year-old male patient who had recently immigrated from South Africa to Saudi Arabia and presented to our emergency department with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The patient was treated with albendazole followed by praziquantel in conjunction with dexamethasone and achieved optimal recovery after treatment.Although rare in Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of neurocysticercosis is increasing and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of new-onset seizures, especially among immigrants.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The study reviews the experience of dental care provision in the United States, Kazakhstan, Italy, Cameroon, Australia, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Brazil, New Zealand, Germany, France, Saudi Arabia, Canada, and China.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “MRI for patients with autism: evaluating radiologic technologists' awareness and practice in Saudi healthcare settings. Therefore, this study aims to assess Saudi RTs' knowledge, practices, and experiences in managing individuals with ASD undergoing MRI, as well as identify barriers and facilitators of effective practice.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Mutations identified in affected families, including reports from Iraqi and Saudi Arabian populations, are associated with cerebellar ataxia and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, linking CA VIII dysfunction to human disease.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The experimental outcomes revealed that the proposed ensemble model is more effective than individual classifiers, achieving 99% accuracy on the Toddler Saudi dataset, 98% accuracy on Q-CHAT, and 99% accuracy on the Nao and fused datasets.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “School Teachers' Knowledge of Developmental and Behavioral Disorders in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Survey. BACKGROUND: Childhood developmental and behavioral disorders (CDABD), such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and learning disability (LD), have gained significant attention globally, including in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes of Saudi preschool and elementary school teachers regarding CDABD and explore factors contributing to their knowledge gaps. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among 822 teachers from government, private, and international schools across Saudi Arabia. Teachers' knowledge regarding availability of services and support systems for children with disabilities in Saudi Arabia was extremely poor, as all items had <10% correct responses. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that in Saudi Arabia, there are significant gaps in school teachers' knowledge, particularly regarding ASD and ADHD as well as about availability of resources.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Seizure outcomes after primary brain tumor resection in adults: Experience of two tertiary centers in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Using a multiple baseline across participants single-case experimental design, four boys (aged 5-7 years) diagnosed with ASD participated in an 8-week intervention at a specialized center in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Caregiver mental health burden in families of children with autism in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: From a cross-sectional study covering 104 caregivers in Saudi Arabia, research for caregiver mental health (PHQ-9, GAD-7 scale), child characteristics and family dynamics was carried out through structured questionnaires.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Hyraceum, the fossilized excreta of rock hyrax situated in Howtat Bani Tamim, Saudi Arabia, used by tribes' settlers to treat infection associated viruses and bacteria like respiratory, urinary and bladder tracts, as a remedy for epilepsy and hysteria, to treat colic and syphilis, and as a cure for back and abdominal.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Impact of indoor environment quality on autistic behaviours in autism schools of Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the relationship between IEQ parameters and behavioural outcomes of 37 autistic students (DSM-5 Levels 1-2) aged 5-12 years attending two autism-specific schools in Saudi Arabia across winter and summer periods.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Use of M-CHAT for autism screening in well-baby clinics of a primary health care center in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective cross-sectional study. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), is commonly used in primary care settings for early screening; however, real-world data on its performance in Saudi primary care, particularly within military healthcare systems, remain limited.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report a six-year-old Saudi girl with early-onset and persistent deficits in social communication, profound speech impairment, stereotyped behaviors, sensory dysregulation, and significant adaptive and cognitive delays.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Parents' Perspectives on Self-Determination for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in Saudi Arabia. This study explores parents' perspectives on self-determination for individuals with intellectual disabilities in the Saudi Arabian context.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This gap is particularly evident in culturally distinct settings like Saudi Arabia, where societal norms and religious beliefs shape caregiving dynamics. AIM: This study aimed to explore the motivations for self-care among Saudi mothers of children with ASD. METHODS: A descriptive phenomenological design, grounded in Husserl's philosophy, was employed to investigate the lived experiences of 12 Saudi mothers. CONCLUSION: Motivation for self-care among Saudi mothers is not driven by a desire for personal indulgence, but by a pragmatic and spiritual imperative to maintain caregiving capacity.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the quality of life for individuals with intellectual disabilities in Saudi Arabia: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Saudi Arabia has yet to fully realize the potential of these technologies in addressing the specific needs of people with ID. This study aims to systematically review and synthesize existing literature on the use of AI to improve QoL outcomes for individuals with ID in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrates the promising role of AI in enhancing the quality of life for individuals with intellectual disabilities in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHOD: Questionnaires were completed by 101 in-service teachers from Saudi Arabia teaching with direct experience in using and supporting AAC in the classrooms.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “However, gaps in the literature and misconceptions can delay care; evidence of this from Saudi Arabia is limited. This study was done to examine nurses' understanding of autism within the Saudi context, inform targeted educational programs, enhance clinical practice, and contribute to closing the persistent global gaps in nurses' knowledge of ASD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Quality of life of caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, the impact of caregiving within culturally distinct family structures remain underexplored. OBJECTIVE: To assess the caregivers QoL with ASD in Saudi Arabia and to analyze how demographic factors affect the QoL across the four domains of the WHOQOL-BREF.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We describe a severe case in a 2-year-old boy from Saudi Arabia who was previously healthy and presented with a two-week history of intermittent fever, diplopia, and abnormal limb movements, which progressed to generalized seizures and rapidly worsening neurological deficits.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “STUDY DESIGN: This qualitative phenomenological study was conducted at a hospital in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Autism and Communication Skills: Perspectives of Special Education Teachers in Saudi Arabia. The experiences of special education teachers in Saudi Arabia are quite different from the experiences of their counterparts from other countries as they work in a unique culture and educational system. The educational system in Saudi Arabia is gender segregated, and the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Education (MoE) provides an equal budget, salaries, and subsidies and implements the same policies and uses the same curriculum regardless of the location, size of the city, or the number of students. This country's unique characteristics may influence special education teachers' experiences, which raises the need to investigate and understand the experiences of Saudi special education teachers. We sought to understand the experiences of special education teachers in Saudi Arabia, focusing on teaching communication skills to autistic students. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 Saudi special education teachers to gain deeper insights into the experiences of these teachers within the Saudi context. The themes that emerged from the interviews revolved around evaluating and teaching communication skills, the role of the Saudi MoE, and the perceived challenges and needs related to teaching communication skills. Building on our findings, we propose a set of recommendations for special education teachers and the Saudi MoE.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Counseling in audiology practice in Saudi Arabia: perceptions, confidence, training experiences, and barriers - a cross-sectional survey. In Saudi Arabia, evidence on counseling preparedness remains limited. METHODS: A cross-sectional electronic survey was distributed to licensed audiologists across Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: Audiologists in Saudi Arabia strongly value counseling but report moderate confidence, highlighting the central role of structured education and professional development in strengthening counseling competence and supporting patient-centered audiological care.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Knowledge and Practices of Hearing Screening and Hearing Loss Management among Ear, Nose, and Throat Physicians in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) physicians are the primary source of knowledge about hearing loss and its management. The aim of the present study is to assess the knowledge and practice of hearing screening and hearing loss management among ENT physicians in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to assess the knowledge and practice of hearing screening and hearing loss management among ENT physicians in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study with 106 ENT physicians working at different hospitals in Saudi Arabia from January to May 2023. CONCLUSION: More research should be conducted to assess the practice of hearing screening in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “An Intelligent Real-Time System for Sentence-Level Recognition of Continuous Saudi Sign Language Using Landmark-Based Temporal Modeling. In Saudi Arabia, this gap is amplified by the reliance on Saudi Sign Language (SSL) and the scarcity of real-time, sentence-level translation systems.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Understanding future anxiety and adaptive coping through a mixed-methods lens: experiences of female hard of hearing students in Saudi Arabia. AIM: The present study aimed to identify the level of future anxiety and its dimensions, examine the factors influencing it, and explore the coping practices used to manage it among female hard-of-hearing (HOH) high school students in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening coping strategies was found to play a pivotal role in mitigating future anxiety and promoting resilience among female HOH students in Saudi high schools.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Assessing the quality of life among children with cochlear implants in Saudi Arabia. This study examined school readiness in toddlers and preschool-aged children with cochlear implants in Saudi Arabia and explored the role of psychosocial factors-self-reliance, well-being and happiness, and social relationships-in predicting readiness outcomes. Data were collected using an online parent-reported questionnaire disseminated through established WhatsApp and Telegram groups for families of children with hearing loss in Saudi Arabia. These results have implications for educators, policymakers, and rehabilitation specialists seeking to enhance the educational readiness and quality-of-life outcomes of children with cochlear implants in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Human immunodeficiency virus knowledge, attitudes, and testing behaviors among adults in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional analysis to inform public health strategies. INTRODUCTION: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has experienced a notable increase in HIV infections in recent years, with limited epidemiological and behavioral data from Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, including Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to address the critical knowledge gaps by examining HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, and testing behaviors among adults in Saudi Arabia to inform culturally appropriate public health interventions. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults from various regions of Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, 258 (54.3%) of respondents perceived Saudi society as "not accepting" of people living with HIV (PLWHIV), and 285 (60.0%) considered discussions about HIV to be culturally sensitive. DISCUSSION: This study confirms substantial gaps in comprehensive HIV knowledge, persistent societal stigma, and low uptake of voluntary HIV testing among adults in Saudi Arabia. Strengthening these efforts is essential to accelerate Saudi Arabia's progress toward achieving the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Commentary: The effects of postponing BCG vaccination on the risk of BCG-related complications among patients with severe combined immunodeficiency disease in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report the case of a previously healthy 5½‑year‑old Saudi girl who presented with fever, dry cough, and progressive respiratory distress.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Shifting Landscape of HIV-Tuberculosis Co-Infection in the MENA Region with a Focus on Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Epidemiological Analysis over Three Decades. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region shows complex TB patterns, and Saudi Arabia continues to face challenges in TB control within the regional context. METHODS: Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 estimates, we analyzed age-standardized disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and incidence trends for HIV and drug-susceptible TB, MDR-TB, and XDR-TB in Saudi Arabia and the MENA region from 1990 to 2023. RESULTS: Across MENA and Saudi Arabia, the burden of drug-susceptible TB increased during the 1990s to early 2000s and subsequently declined in 2023 (MENA age-standardized DALY rate [ASDR]: 6.60 in 1990, peaking at 13.11 in 1999, declining to 7.39 in 2023; Saudi Arabia ASDR: 13.63 in 1990, peaking at 20.56 in 2003, declining to 4.94 in 2023). A similar temporal pattern was observed for MDR-TB (MENA ASDR (Age-Standardized DALY Rate): 0.03 in 1990, peaking at 1.04 in 2002, declining to 0.40 in 2023; Saudi Arabia ASDR: 0.03 in 1990, peaking at 1.93 in 2003, declining to 0.33 in 2023). In contrast, XDR-TB showed an overall decline in MENA (ASDR: 1.72 in 1991, declining to 0.02 in 2023), while in Saudi Arabia, ASDR declined from 2.42 in 1991 to 0.02 in 2023. MENA estimates are presented to provide regional context and enable comparison with national trends in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: From 1990 to 2023, the TB burden among people with HIV in Saudi Arabia declined substantially, particularly for drug-susceptible TB, indicating progress in TB control and HIV management.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Perceived preparedness and educational gaps in post-exposure prophylaxis among dental students in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey of 962 undergraduate and intern dental students from 19 public and private dental colleges in Saudi Arabia, evaluated PEP knowledge, perceptions, and practices using an online questionnaire. CONCLUSION: Gaps in post-exposure prophylaxis knowledge and training persist among dental students in Saudi Arabia, despite generally positive perceptions.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Erratum to "The Association between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Ischemic Heart Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study" [Saudi Medical Journal 2025 Oct; 46(10):1174-1181]. [This corrects the article DOI: 10.15537/smj.2025.46.10.20250181.].” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Correction: A Cross-Sectional Study on Pediatric Resident Knowledge and Perceptions of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Western Saudi Arabia. [This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.96583.].” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We profiled bacterial (16S rRNA) and fungal (ITS) communities from stool samples of Saudi participants with IBS, ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD), and controls.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Although endemic in regions such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Oman, sporadic cases occur worldwide.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The pooled prevalence of IBD varied across countries, with the highest prevalence reported in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Digital horizons: Exploring the future of AI-enabled gastroenterology in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, adoption of these technologies is still limited; however, the Kingdom’s expanding digital infrastructure, unified data-governance initiatives, and strategic direction under Vision 2030 provide a strong foundation for responsible and scalable deployment. This review synthesizes global evidence and Saudi-specific healthcare priorities to outline a strategic, phased framework for integrating AI into national gastroenterology practice. Through coordinated investment in education, infrastructure, and governance, Saudi Arabia is positioned to advance from early experimentation to regional leadership in AI-enabled digestive healthcare.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Addressing the gaps in biologic therapy utilization trends in IBD from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: This is a multicenter retrospective study in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The economic burden of diabetes-related visual impairment and blindness in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES: Our main objective is to measure the economic impact of managing diabetes-related visual impairment and blindness in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to inform policy and resource allocation for effective disease management and prevention. CONCLUSION: The significant economic repercussions of diabetes-related visual impairment and blindness across individuals, households, and the Saudi healthcare system impose a substantial financial burden.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Retrospective study on antibiotic resistance profiles of uropathogenic Escherichia coli with emphasis on β-lactamase production in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Oviduct organ cultures (OOCs) were prepared from two chicken lines, brown layers (BL) and white layers (WL), to compare virus replication, microscopical lesions, and host-immune responses between two atypical virulent LPAIV strains H3N1 (A/chicken/Belgium/460/2019) and H6N1 (A/chicken/Netherlands/917/2010), and an avirulent H9N2 strain (A/chicken/Saudi Arabia/2525/2000). mRNA levels of interferon λ (IFN λ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), host factors such as importin (Imp) α3, α8, and chemerin were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Promicromonospora noduliphila sp. nov., a nodulation-enhancing actinobacterium isolated from the root nodules of grey-hair acacia planted in the Khurais desert, Saudi Arabia. A set of actinobacterial strains was isolated from the root nodules of Acacia gerrardii grown as part of an afforestation trial in the Khurais desert, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 male students aged 20-30 years at a Saudi Arabian university.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “AIMS: This study applied AI-based clustering techniques to data derived from CBCT images, in a sample of Saudi population, to identify pulp stone prevalence patterns, and evaluate the ability of these methods to reveal hidden patterns and stratify distributional phenotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 300 CBCT scans (150 males, 150 females) from archives of university dental hospital in Saudi Arabia was conducted.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Regional experiences in Saudi Arabia and Canada underscore the importance of standardized evidence-based surgical care.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Clinical phenotype, MRI inflammatory involvement, and treatment patterns in HLA-B27 positive and negative axial spondyloarthritis: a Saudi MRI-based cohort study. Data from Saudi Arabia remain limited.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Characterisation of the Novel Allele, HLA-C*14:02:45, Identified Using Next-Generation Sequencing in a Saudi Individual.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Invasive Argemone mexicana's suppressive effects on germination and early growth of Triticum aestivum and Hordeum vulgare in South-western Saudi Arabia. Argemone mexicana L. is one of the plants that was recorded as an invasive plant species in south-western Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Improving drought tolerance in some wheat genotypes with foliar application of silicon nanoparticles in Al-Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia. To test this hypothesis, two field experiments were conducted during the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 winter seasons at the Experimental Farm in Al-Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Identification of the Novel Allele, HLA-B*08:337, in a Saudi Individual Using Next-Generation Sequencing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Molecular Characteristics of MRSA in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study. This study investigates the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and molecular characteristics of HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA isolates in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Discovery of the Novel Allele, HLA-A*30:01:33, Identified in a Saudi Individual by Next Generation Sequencing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Novel Allele, HLA-B*41:92, Identified by Next-Generation Sequencing in a Saudi Individual.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “2025; https://doi.org/10.1159/000548050] by Alrafiaah et al., the first affiliation in the paper was wrongly given.The correct affiliation is given below.aDepartment of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Two studies were done in the UK, one study was carried out in Germany and the fourth one was conducted in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CONCLUSION: The Arabic version of the perceived service quality short-form demonstrates preliminary evidence of construct validity and reliability and can support evaluation of patient experience in Saudi community pharmacies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Research output was primarily concentrated in the United States, Saudi Arabia, and the United Kingdom.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Climate-sensitive infectious diseases in transition: a scoping review of key diseases and their epidemiology, data applications and mechanism of outbreak response in Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND: Climate-sensitive infectious diseases (CSID), of both vector- and water-borne diseases present growing public health concerns in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aimed to examine the scale and scope of CSID in Saudi Arabia, with attempts to elicit all diseases' trends and patterns, the availability of associated epidemiological, entomological, meteorological and spatial data, vector control and response strategies and their reporting mechanism and essentially, if Saudi Arabia has implemented or exercised the use of Early Warning System And Response System (EWARS) for early prediction of these disease scenarios. CONCLUSION: Saudi Arabia needs timely, accessible and integrated data frameworks, evidence-based vector control strategies and EWARS for more adequately guiding step-wise disease outbreak intervention. Mass gatherings like Hajj is unique to Saudi Arabia, which requires integrated measures to minimize disease transmission.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “AIM: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and psychometrically validate the Arabic version of the Scale on Community Care Perceptions (SCOPE) among registered nurses in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey had the highest number of articles (n = 3 or 16.6% of articles).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The studies included in this review were conducted by authors from multiple countries: Brazil, the United States, Canada, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Australia, and Austria, published between 1998 and 2024.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Literature was searched across Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and the Saudi Digital Library.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Included papers were published between 1995 and 2024 in the United States (n=16), Canada (n=4), Australia and New Zealand (n=2), Saudi Arabia (n=1), Mexico (n=1), South Africa (n=1), and the United Kingdom (n=1).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Most studies (n = 9) originated from Saudi Arabia, with others from Qatar (n = 5), Jordan (n = 1), and the United Arab Emirates (n = 1).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This systematic review synthesizes studies using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture to assess nurses' perceptions in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Aligned with national healthcare visions (e.g., Saudi Vision 2030 and Oman Vision 2040), evidence-based recommendations include implementing structured handoff processes, adopting nonpunitive and confidential approaches to promote nonpunitive error reporting, and strengthening workforce strategies to improve staffing adequacy and workload management.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Mapping nursing roles in nutritional care within Saudi tertiary hospitals: A scoping review. However, their role as yet remains limited and under-recognized, especially in Saudi tertiary hospitals. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on the nursing role in nutritional care in Saudi tertiary settings, with findings organized by study design and key themes, and identifying gaps to inform practice, policy, and education.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Investigating transtibial prosthetic alignment practices: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aims to explore transtibial prosthetic alignment practices among prosthetists in Malaysia, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia, focusing on the associations of demographic data, occupational status, and knowledge on common prosthetic alignment guidelines.Study Design:A cross-sectional study.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “These studies were often retrospective in nature, focused on children and the problem of "Severe Combined Immunodeficiency", particularly in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Morocco.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Common coinherited conditions included α- and β-thalassaemia, particularly in Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Sub-Saharan Africa, influencing haemoglobin levels and disease severity. Co-inheritance of β-thalassaemia was notably common in Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Sub-Saharan Africa.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomics-driven drug repurposing and novel targets identification for sickle cell disease in Saudi patients. Limited effective treatment options are currently available; however, recent genomic findings from underrepresented populations (Saudi Arabians) have offered new hope for predicting molecularly guided treatments. This study aimed to identify approved drugs suitable for repurposing based on their interactions with SCD-associated genetic variants and to discover novel druggable targets within genetic pathways linked to disease severity by utilizing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from Saudi SCD patients. METHODS: Bioinformatic pipelines were used to evaluate drug-gene interactions and identify potential therapeutic targets based on GWAS data derived from the Saudi population. CONCLUSION: This study provides a robust framework for drug repurposing and novel drug discovery in SCD, particularly tailored to the Saudi population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome Due to a Novel DNMT3A Variant Presenting With Autism, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Regression: A Saudi Case Report. We describe a young adult Saudi male with overgrowth, macrocephaly, coarse facial features, and global developmental delay. As the first reported case from Saudi Arabia to our knowledge, it broadens the clinical and geographic spectrum of the disorder and highlights the association between DNMT3A variants, intellectual disability, and ASD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Nutritional management of metabolic disorders in neonates and infants in Saudi Arabia: consensus recommendations. The aim of this consensus is to provide recommendations for nutritional management of metabolic diseases in neonates and infants in Saudi Arabia, where a high frequency of IEM has been reported.Consensus generation was performed using the Delphi method. Voting was conducted anonymously on SurveyMonkey to determine the level of agreement with each recommendation.The expert panel reached consensus on 105 recommendations relating to the nutritional management of metabolic disorders, focusing on PA, MMA, GA1, PKU, MSUD, VLCAD, and HCU.These recommendations will facilitate more consistent management of metabolic patients across Saudi Arabia and strive to highlight ongoing challenges faced by dietitians, patients, and caregivers. Future work should focus on outcomes associated with dietary management strategies in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE REPORT We report the case of a 6-year-old Saudi girl with a known diagnosis of FXI deficiency who presented with recurrent subgaleal hematomas following trivial head trauma.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Hereditary elliptocytosis in a child with an autosomal recessive SPTA1 mutation: a case report from Saudi Arabia. The patient, a 10-year-old Saudi male, presented with mild normocytic normochromic anemia and signs of extravascular hemolysis. Identifying a rare homozygous mutation in the SPTA1 gene confirms the diagnosis of autosomal recessive HE in a Saudi Arabian pediatric patient.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Assessing the impact of AI tools on mobility and daily assistance for children with down syndrome in Saudi Arabia. This mixed-methods study investigated the impact of AI-powered assistive technology on mobility, communication, and daily living assistance in children with Down syndrome in Saudi Arabia. Although we did not directly test cross-cultural comparisons, this study suggests that Saudi Arabia's adoption barriers may share similarities with international patterns.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Intersection of Genitopatellar Syndrome and Oral Health: A Case Report at Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In populations across Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Egypt, Tunisia, and Iraq, genetic testing for variants in genes like MTHFR, MDR1, ABCB1, miR-146a, GABARG2, IL-1β, EPHX1, and CYP3A422 can predict drug resistance, and response, improve drug dosing, and minimize ADRs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study aimed to describe the clinical spectrum, genetic variants, and outcomes of patients with GLUD1-related hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome treated at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This retrospective case series included five patients of Saudi ethnicity diagnosed with GLUD1-associated hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome between September and November 2023 at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Knowledge and practice of gout treatment recommendations by primary health care physicians in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study across five different regions. This study assessed PCPs' knowledge and adherence to gout treatment recommendations in Saudi Arabia using a questionnaire survey. A total of 367 PCPs completed the survey, with 86.4% practicing in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A narrative review of the prevalence of polycythemia and its associated risk factors in Saudi Arabia. As polycythemia is a worldwide health concern, Saudi Arabia is experiencing a notable increase in the prevalence of such a disorder. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to summarize the major findings of different studies that have been conducted in Saudi Arabia regarding different types of polycythemias, their causes, symptoms, and associated risk factors, including genetic mutations. Furthermore, reports of common polycythemias such as smoker's, neonatal, and post-transplant polycythemias have been made in different parts of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: We present a case report of two Saudi Arabian siblings with congenital glaucoma, congenital diabetes mellitus, and congenital hypothyroidism.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This case report describes a Saudi Arabian child with a novel homozygous NRROS variant, NM_198565.2: c.257T>C (p.Leu86Pro) presenting with drug-resistant epilepsy, rapid developmental regression, microcephaly, dystonia, and intracranial calcifications.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Position Paper on the Management of Sickle Cell Disease in Saudi Arabia: Understanding Disease Landscape, Identifying Challenges, and Exploring Opportunities in Transfusion Therapies. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a common genetic disorder affecting up to 2.6% of the population in Saudi Arabia. This position paper highlights the current state of SCD management within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. By prioritizing these recommendations, we can help streamline SCD care, reduce practice variation, and nationalize sickle cell disease management in Saudi Arabia to improve patient care.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Revisiting the molecular landscape of Rosai-Dorfman disease: insights from whole exome sequencing of Saudi patients. To better understand the molecular basis of RDD and enhance diagnostic precision, we conducted whole exome sequencing (WES) on seven Saudi patients with RDD, comparing their genetic profiles with existing literature.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report this novel gene variant in a Saudi family, describe its associated clinical features, and present the results of the family segregation analysis.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Review on recommendations on the use of biologic therapy for the management of moderate-severe psoriasis in Saudi Arabia: an expert opinion. This expert consensus examines current challenges in biologics use and provides evidence-based recommendations for managing moderate-to-severe psoriasis in Saudi Arabia. By addressing gaps in clinical practice, this consensus aims to streamline management approaches and reduce treatment disparities in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Emerging need for a hepato-hematology program for patients with sickle cell disease in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “While some global studies have explored the risk factors for ED revisits due to VOC, the literature is lacking in the adult population, specifically in Saudi Arabia where SCD prevalence is high.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Alzheimer's disease in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Current perspectives and genetic insights. Recognizing the impending rise in AD cases, both governmental and private sectors in Saudi Arabia are making efforts to enhance formal care and services for older adults. While few studies have investigated AD-susceptible genes within the Saudi population, further attention is needed to explore the genetic background and identify molecular biomarkers associated with AD. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of AD and recent genetic research in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with an increasing prevalence worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesize current findings on these biomarkers, with a particular focus on the Saudi population, to elucidate their relationship with ASD pathology and associated health outcomes. The findings underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach to ASD management in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing biomarker-based diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Effectiveness of implementation of sickle cell disease referral guidelines and other measures in paediatric department at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. It affects up to 2.6% of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Zellweger syndrome; identification of mutations in PEX19 and PEX26 gene in Saudi families. METHODS: We recruited two Saudi families with multiple affected individuals with dysmorphic features, including hypertelorism, large open fontanelles, generalized hypotonia, and epicanthal folds with poor reflexes since birth.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CCDC47 gene and trichohepatoneurodevelopmental syndrome: Report of the fifth and sixth cases from Saudi Arabia. We describe two cases of THNS of Saudi origin, the fifth and sixth cases in the medical literature.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “RESULTS: Herein, we report on two Saudi girls with classical clinical and radiological findings of BTBGD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “SUMMARY: An expert panel was assembled comprising ten clinical hematologists from Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: This study examined the impact of digital health determinants on health improvement across ten Arab countries: Bahrain, Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. Egypt, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia had higher rates of positive health impacts, while Morocco, Jordan, and Bahrain reported the lowest health improvements.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Optimizing Interdisciplinary Referral Pathways for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Management Across Cardiology and Pulmonology Specialties in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), 4.2% of adults 40 years and older have COPD, with a higher prevalence in men and older populations.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We have found that MERS-COV is still evolving in camels with new lineages being detected in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This report describes a nine-year, five-month-old Saudi girl with 1p36 deletion syndrome (1p36DS) referred for dental evaluation due to esthetic concerns.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of oral SS in Saudi Arabia or the surrounding region.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Heck's Disease in Saudi Patients: A Case Series and Literature Review. In conclusion, this case series contributes to the limited literature on Heck's disease and underscores the need for further research into its genetic associations, particularly among the Saudi population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic Characterization and Resistance Mechanisms of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST101 Isolates from Saudi Arabia. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) represents a critical global health threat, with ST101 identified as a major circulating clone in Saudi Arabia. We used whole genome sequencing and plasmid reconstruction to investigate the molecular characteristics of CRKP ST101 isolates from Saudi Arabia (2018-2021), analyzing antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), virulence factors, and plasmid structure and replicon types. Clinical isolates were obtained from the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA) hospitals in Saudi Arabia between 2018 and 2021. This study provides comprehensive genomic characterization of CRKP ST101 in Saudi Arabia, revealing complex resistance mechanisms mediated by diverse plasmid types.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Results: Analysis revealed active research in countries such as India, Saudi Arabia, the USA, China, Malaysia, and Pakistan, with notable publication peaks in 2019 and 2022.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Allele frequency of CTLA-4 rs231775 (+49 A>G) gene polymorphism and its association with cancer susceptibility in the Saudi Arabian population and other ethnic groups. This study assessed the allelic frequency distribution of rs231775 (+49 A>G) polymorphisms in the Saudi Arabian population and compared it with other world populations. The frequency of CTLA-4 rs231775 (+49 A>G) variant allele (G) was observed at 33.0% and different frequencies were found significant for Pakistan (p=0.02), China (p=0.05), China (p= 0.00), Iran (p=0.00), Poland (p=0.00), the USA (p=0.00) and Turkey (p=0.02) when the prevalence of Saudi Arabian population is compared to that of other populations. The observed finding reveals a distinct pattern of CTLA-4 rs231775 (+49 A>G) polymorphism variant allele in the populations of Saudi Arabia, maybe because of the differences in ethnicity.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study presents a deep learning-based model designed to classify 5 common types of cancer in Saudi Arabia: breast, colorectal, thyroid, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and corpus uteri.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study evaluated 21 quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) accessions under three drip-irrigation regimes-W1 (15 min), W2 (10 min), and W3 (5 min)-applied twice daily in a split-plot design with three replications in the arid conditions of western Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Sonchus oleraceus L. is a popular medicinal herb in Saudi Arabia as well as in the rest of the world.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence and Resistance Profiles of Acinetobacter baumannii in ICU Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. This study systematically reviews and performs a meta-analysis on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of MDR A baumannii (MDR-A. baumannii) in ICU patients in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A comprehensive search in PubMed, Saudi Digital Library, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on studies from January 2014 to September 2025, was performed. Conclusions: MDR-A. baumannii poses a substantial challenge in Saudi Arabian ICUs, with high prevalence and significant resistance to commonly used antibiotics.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study used Al-Mandaq (Saudi Arabia) as a model to assess genetic diversity and contamination in bacteria from poultry storage units using 16S rRNA sequencing, VITEK 2, selective culturing, and ISSR/RAPD fingerprinting on 150 swabs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Analysis based on COI sequences yielded 29 haplotypes in which haplotype 1 and 15 were the predominant consisting of 35 and 20 sequences, respectively, from Pakistan, India, China, Bangladesh, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kazakhstan and Egypt.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Epidemiology of Human Papillomavirus in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review of Prevalence, Genotypes, and Risk Factors. While global epidemiology is well-documented, data from Saudi Arabia remain fragmented. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar for studies reporting HPV prevalence, genotypes, or risk factors in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: HPV represents a growing public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with HR genotypes predominating.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Evolution of In Vitro Fertilization Practices in Saudi Arabia: Historical Perspectives and Future Directions. This review will explore the evolution of IVF in Saudi Arabia, highlighting significant developments, challenges, and future research opportunities in this vital area of reproductive health.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Proton beam therapy indications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A SARO clinical practice guideline. The Saudi Particle Therapy Centre is making efforts to establish proton therapy services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: The Saudi Particle Therapy Center collaborated with the Saudi Association of Radiation Oncology to formulate a panel of radiation oncologists with proton therapy experience to refine and update our previous publication.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide study using whole-genome sequencing. Saudi Arabia, hosting millions of pilgrims annually, provides a distinctive setting for studying how human mobility shapes bacterial populations, yet comprehensive genomic surveillance data from this region remain limited. Here, we present an integrated analysis of S. aureus isolates collected across seven Saudi Arabian regions, combining whole-genome sequencing with extensive antimicrobial susceptibility testing and standardized metadata following findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability data principles.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Saudi National Policy and Protocol for Epidermolysis Bullosa. This protocol's objective is to offer evidence-based suggestions for the identification, treatment, and management of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) in Saudi Arabia. In addition, the guideline discusses the role of new treatments for EB, such as Beremagene geperpavec (B-VEC), and stresses the necessity of creating a National Saudi EB Registry to maximize patient care and guarantee fair access to treatment. In summary, this guideline offers a structured framework for physicians and healthcare providers to guarantee the best possible care for people living with EB in Saudi Arabia, with the goal of improving clinical outcomes, quality of life, and long-term management of the disease.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Challenges in evaluation and reimbursement of drugs for rare diseases in Saudi Arabia: a Delphi expert consensus. While international models exist for DRD reimbursement, Saudi Arabia faces distinct obstacles driven by high incidence of genetic diseases, healthcare system fragmentation, and evolving national policies. This study aims to identify key challenges in evaluating and reimbursing DRDs in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first consensus on challenges in DRD evaluation and reimbursement in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Current Status of Adoption and Roadmap for the Future. The study aimed to evaluate the status of NIPT adoption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). CONCLUSION: A structured, phased roadmap for implementing NIPT in Saudi Arabia is crucial to ensure cost-effectiveness, cultural and ethical appropriateness, and nationwide access for all pregnant women.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The microbiome of marine sponges located on the Saudi Arabia coast of the Red sea using high-throughput 16S amplicon sequencing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Epidemiological dynamics and rising trends of MRSA in Saudi Arabia: a 12-year observational study. The findings underscore the need for strengthened infection control, targeted antimicrobial stewardship, and ongoing surveillance to combat MRSA in Saudi Arabia and similar high-risk settings.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Untargeted metabolomics reveals distinct biomarkers and metabolic alterations in familial and non-genetic hypercholesterolemia in Saudi patients. METHODS: A high-resolution metabolomics analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) on plasma samples from FH, HC, and healthy Saudi individuals.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 41-year-old Saudi female presenting with progressive visual decline and congenital eyelid abnormalities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “To our knowledge, this is the first reported case series in Saudi Arabia linking G6PD deficiency to clinical presentations of aHUS.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “National strategies for screening neural tube defects in Saudi Arabia: activating prevention and early intervention. Despite widespread folic acid supplementation and food fortification programs, regions such as Saudi Arabia have not experienced a proportional decline in NTD prevalence. This narrative review evaluates the multifactorial contributors to NTDs, focusing on the effectiveness of current prevention and screening strategies both globally and within Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, similar initiatives have been launched, including folic acid campaigns and food fortification. Although 80.1% of Saudi women reportedly understand the preventive role of folic acid, uptake and proper timing of supplementation remain inconsistent. Unlike countries such as Australia and Chile, Saudi Arabia lacks a standardized system for tracking and evaluating NTD outcomes. CONCLUSION: This review concludes that while Saudi Arabia has adopted commendable preventive strategies, the absence of comprehensive data, policy enforcement, and public education limits their effectiveness. Adopting evidence-based policies supported by robust evaluation frameworks will be essential to reducing the burden of NTDs and improving maternal and child health outcomes in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Tick infestation represents a significant constraint on livestock productivity in Saudi Arabia; however, there remains a substantial gap in research addressing tick species diversity, distribution, and their direct effects on milk production. Milk production and quality parameters were assessed in tick-infested and healthy cows in Hafar Al-Batin, Eastern Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Association of ABCG2 Polymorphisms with Methotrexate Efficacy and Toxicity in Saudi Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between the polymorphisms in the ABC subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) gene and MTX effectiveness/toxicity in Saudi Arabia RA patients.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Antimicrobial activity of some bacteria isolated from marine sponge in Neom region, Saudi Arabia. This paper aims to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of bacteria associated with the marine sponge sample collected from the NEOM region of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Pathogenic LDLR Variants (c.103 C>T and c.2416dup) in ligand-binding and cytosolic domains in Saudi familial hypercholesterolemia: Molecular characterization and computational insights. This study aims to identify genetic causes and examine the connection between genetic variants and the resulting genotype-protein phenotype in Saudi FH patients. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were employed to detect causative variants in affected Saudi FH families and their healthy relatives. WES identified two pathogenic variants in the LDLR gene in two Saudi FH families: c.103 C>T p.(Gln35Ter) and c.2416dup p.(Val806GlyfsTer11), both absent in healthy relatives and regional databases. In conclusion, this study identifies rare pathogenic variants c.2416dup and c.103 C>T in LDLR in extended Saudi Arabian families.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Herein, we aimed to assess the wound healing potential of Saudi Tamarix honey (STH) metabolites in vivo, and support our hypothesis through in silico studies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “However, limited data exist regarding pharmacists' awareness and engagement with CGRP inhibitors in Saudi Arabia. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of pharmacists in Saudi Arabia toward CGRP inhibitors for migraine management and identify areas for improvement. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2024 to January 2025 among licensed pharmacists in Saudi Arabia using an online questionnaire distributed via social media platforms, pharmacy networks, and in-person outreach.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We present the case of a 3-year-old Saudi female who was referred for genetic testing due to poor growth, developmental abnormalities, and notable facial dysmorphism.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health concern, including in Saudi Arabia, where its incidence has increased in recent years.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Mutational profile of a Saudi patient with Familial adenomatous polyposis that progressed to colon cancer: A case report. A 45-year-old Saudi man presented with intestinal obstruction and underwent a total colectomy. CONCLUSION: To the best of our knowledge, this case report is the first to sheds the light on the mutation profile of FAP that progressed to CRC in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “BACKGROUND: In the Saudi population, colon cancer (CC) is connected with a high death rate due to frequent late-stage diagnosis. METHODS: Both RT-PCR and qRT-PCR were used to examine the expression levels of TEX19 in 25 adjacent CC and normal colon (NC) tissue samples from Saudi male and female patients.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We describe a 52-year-old Saudi male who presented with a six-month history of an enlarging pigmented macule over the left forehead.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The nucleotide sequences of the MERS-CoV receptor gen (dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4)) from 30 Egyptians, 36 Sudanese, and 34 Saudi Arabians showed little difference.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Zinc Transporters of the LIV-1 Subfamily in Various Cancers: Molecular Insights and Research Priorities for Saudi Arabia. This review explores the link between zinc homeostasis and cancer, with a specific focus on LIV-1 zinc transporters and their potential relevance to cancer research and treatment priorities in Saudi Arabia, as informed by global data. Bioinformatic analyses revealed the significant overexpression of ZIP4, ZIP7, and ZIP6 in breast cancer and ZIP4 in colorectal cancer, which are the most common cancers among Saudi women and men, respectively. Despite the substantial global evidence, research on zinc transporters in the Saudi population remains limited. Targeted research may support precision medicine strategies and improve outcomes in line with Saudi Arabia's healthcare transformation goals.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Immunogenetic polymorphism of human platelet antigens in the Saudi population: Insights into genetic diversity and alloimmune risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed the genotype and allele frequencies of HPA-1 to -11 and HPA-15 in 118 Saudi blood donors using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Analysis of the metagenomic assembled genome of MERS-CoV and Alpha-CoV from Camelus dromedarius in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Molecular Variants in SIRT1 Gene Among Saudi Women Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to explore the molecular association carried out between GDM women and SIRT1 gene SNPs present in the Saudi Arabia. This is a case-control study carried out in Capital city of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “First Molecular Evidence and Phylogeny of Hepatozoon sp. and Theileria sp. in Saudi Rodents. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and genetic diversity of Hepatozoon sp. and Theileria sp. in rodents from different regions of Saudi Arabia and to determine potential reservoir species. Our results represent the first molecular detection of Hepatozoon sp. in Arvicanthis niloticus (31.3%), Gerbillus cheesmani (26.5%), G. nanus (28.5%), and Rattus rattus (32.0%) and of Theileria sp. in G. nanus (21.5%) and R. rattus (24.0%) in Saudi Arabia. Phylogenetic analyses grouped Saudi Hepatozoon sequences with those from reptiles and rodents, forming a clade distinct from sequences isolated from felids and canids. These findings significantly expand the current knowledge on rodent-associated apicomplexan parasites in Saudi Arabia, revealing novel Hepatozoon haplotypes and highlighting the role of rodents in the transmission of reptile-associated Hepatozoon spp.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Migraine management in Saudi Arabia: An expert consensus. OBJECTIVE: To establish expert consensus on the preventive treatment of migraine in Saudi Arabia, with a focus on the use of calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (CGRP mAbs), in light of the latest international guidelines and local clinical practice. METHOD: A record-based study was performed retrospectively in Radiology department at our Hospital in Eastern region of Saudi Arabia, from Jan. The panel reached consensus on key aspects of migraine management in Saudi Arabia, including treatment initiation criteria, patient selection, and the role of CGRP mAbs in clinical practice. CONCLUSION: This expert consensus provides updated guidance on the preventive treatment of migraine in Saudi Arabia, supporting the integration of CGRP mAbs as a first-line option.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward preventing congenital disabilities: a cross sectional study in Saudi Arabia. However, there is limited research on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pharmacists in Saudi Arabia regarding the causes of congenital impairments. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among licensed pharmacists based in Saudi Arabia, including those working in clinical, academic, hospital, and community settings. To enhance congenital disability prevention efforts in Saudi Arabia, these findings emphasize the need for improved pharmacist knowledge, structured training programs, and more extensive integration of pharmacists within maternal healthcare teams.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “One globally common lineage, Clonal Complex (CC) 15 failed to evolve MRSA until, in 2016, CC15-MRSA were described from Saudi Arabia that carried a SCCmec V element also comprising the fusidic acid resistance gene, fusC.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This complex currently comprises four described species that occur through Arabia and northern Africa, however, the presence of a cryptic species in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Jordan was pointed out recently. For this study, we collected new material of the various species of the M. guttulata complex, including the undescribed lineage from across Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: We contribute to the taxonomy of Arabian lacertid lizards by describing a new species distributed in central Saudi Arabia, with isolated populations occurring in Kuwait and Jordan. The gap in its distribution between the Jordan and Saudi Arabia populations is ascribable to the paucity of sampling along the Saudi/Iraqi border.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Saudi Arabia: genomic evidence of recent clonal expansion and plasmid-driven resistance dissemination. Despite the vast geographical expanse and diverse demographics of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the broader West Asia region, the population diversity of MRSA in hospitals in these areas remains underexplored.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In this cross-sectional study, we screened for mutations in the pre-S/S regions of HBsAg in sequences retrospectively generated from samples collected in Saudi Arabia. Collectively, our findings highlight a significant increase in the frequency of three HBsAg mutations in a cohort of HCC patients in Saudi Arabia and their potential effect.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Bridging borders for resilience in cancer control in the Middle East: a strategic alliance of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Jordan. Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Jordan are home to more than 45 million people, and all three countries have had an upward trend in cancer incidence over the past three decades.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Towards a comprehensive cancer control policy in Saudi Arabia. Cancer is emerging as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia, with the incidence projected to double in the next 20 years. The Health Sector Transformation Program, a part of the Saudi Vision 2030, aims to strengthen the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases including cancer, improve access to care, deliver high-quality care services, improve patients' quality of life, and increase support for research and innovation.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Records of 185 growing rabbits aged 8 weeks representing four genetic groups (Saudi local, Jabali; imported Spanish V-Line) and their F2 reciprocal crossbreds (¾J¼V and ¼J¾V) were utilized in this experiment.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Understanding the Molecular Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Northern Saudi Arabia: A Spotlight on SCCmec and spa Typing. The prevalence of MRSA strains has significantly increased in Saudi Arabia over the last 2 decades. Objective: This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of MRSA isolates from patients at Gurayat General Hospital in Northern Saudi Arabia. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular epidemiology of MRSA in the northern region of Saudi Arabia and highlight the prevalence of specific MRSA strains and their antibiotic resistance profiles.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Shigella flexneri Outbreak at a Rehabilitation Center: First Report from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic analysis of prophages in 44 clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in Saudi Arabia. This research aimed to analyze and characterize prophages integrated into 44 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The genetic diversity of Apis mellifera jemenitica populations collected from the Arabian Peninsula (Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman), Jordan, and Ethiopia, was examined using three mtDNA markers: 1- Cytochrome b (Cyt b), 2- Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and 3- The intergenic region located between the cytochrome c oxidase I & II (COI-COII). A total of 13 COI-COII haplotypes were identified, among which 8 haplotypes were novel: Saudi Arabia (1), Yemen (3), Oman (1), and Ethiopia (3), with a haplotype diversity (H) of 0.980.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Hepatobiliary Cancers in Saudi Arabia From 2000 to 2025. Saudi Arabia and adjacent Gulf nations experience considerable impacts from these cancers. Data regarding hepatobiliary cancers is scarcely obtained from Saudi Arabia. This research aims to clarify the epidemiology and risk factors linked to hepatobiliary cancers in Saudi Arabia. Our investigation revealed a lack of studies that collectively examine hepatocellular cancers in Saudi Arabia, highlighting a distinctive element of the current review. To determine the incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and other epidemiological metrics of hepatobiliary cancer in Saudi Arabia, a search was conducted using Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, and relevant public databases that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. An electronic search was conducted using various keywords related to hepatobiliary cancer in Saudi Arabia. In summary, hepatobiliary cancers exhibit significant prevalence in Saudi Arabia, especially liver cancer.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “However, there is a significant lack of research on the application of DCT within Saudi Arabia, despite its proactive use of such technologies in public health strategies. METHODS: Using a quantitative, cross-sectional design, data were collected from Saudi participants through an online survey and analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS4. The findings offer valuable insights for governmental interventions, health institutions, and legislators in managing pandemics globally and within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Those results provide insight into how policymakers, health institutions, and legislators can use DCT tools to manage pandemics globally and in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Most studies were carried out in Saudi Arabia (40.7%) and the United Arab Emirates (20.3%).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A notable epidemic of RVFV occurred in Saudi Arabia and Yemen in 2000, resulting in severe public health ramifications and high mortality rates among both human and animal populations.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A Brief Review of Inherited Neuropathies: A Perspective from Saudi Arabia. It also highlights the current state of inherited neuropathies in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the need for national guidelines, patient registries, and collaborative research efforts.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Exploring the Pharmacokinetics of Drugs in Disabled Saudi Patients: A Systematic Review. This study aims to collect all the data regarding the absorption, distribution, and disposition of drugs in disabled Saudi patients, i.e., patients suffering from epilepsy, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc., and then compare these results with data reported in other ethnicities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Thus, selecting and cultivating the appropriate genotype can facilitate achieving nutritionally adequate wheat production under organic farming conditions in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Clinical Practice, Challenges, and the Future of Ophthalmic Genetics in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study assessed 131 healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia through an online questionnaire to evaluate clinical practices, referral patterns, and challenges in genetic ophthalmology. CONCLUSION: This is the first study on ophthalmic genetics in Saudi Arabia, and its findings emphasize the need for policy reforms and targeted interventions.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “2D:4D ratio as a predictor for malocclusion among Saudi children. Therefore, it is of interest to explore the correlation between the 2D:4D ratio and malocclusion types using Angle's classification of malocclusion in 410 male students aged 12-15 years from Alrass City, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Exploring the diversity and antimicrobial potential of actinomycetes isolated from different environments in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review. This review explores the diversity and antimicrobial potential of actinomycetes from Saudi Arabia's unique ecosystems, including terrestrial (soil, rhizosphere), aquatic (marine, freshwater), extreme (deserts, caves, hot springs, mountains, and mangroves), and other unique environments. To harness Saudi Arabia's microbial biodiversity effectively, interdisciplinary collaborations between microbiologists, biotechnologists, and pharmaceutical industries are crucial. Expanding research efforts into underexplored Saudi ecosystems can lead to groundbreaking discoveries in antibiotic development and beyond.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This case series examines four patients with RIBS at a tertiary healthcare center in Saudi Arabia, highlighting a notably short latency period and an uncommon histological pattern.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Around the world, sponges play a significant role in marine ecosystems, and a wide variety of sponge species can be found in the coast of Red Sea of Saudi Arabia. Our study aims to investigate the biodiversity, taxonomic composition, and phylogenetic relationships of eukaryotic organisms linked with sponges in the Red Sea off the coast of Saudi Arabia and infer the possible ecological roles and functional contributions of the identified eukaryotic taxa to sponge health and ecosystem functioning.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The first Dugesia species (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) documented for Saudi Arabia: an integrative description. Exploration of various freshwater bodies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia led to the discovery of a new species of Dugesia, thus representing the first documented record of freshwater planarians in this country and the second fully documented record of a naturally sexual population of a Dugesia species in the Arabian Peninsula. Based on morphological, karyological, anatomical, and molecular data, this Dugesia population from Saudi Arabia is here identified as representing a distinct, new species, Dugesia bursagrossa Harrath & Sluys, sp. nov.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “For the first time, this study reports extracellular uricase enzyme isolation and characterization from strain UR1 of Alcaligenes spp. from Western Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This is the first documented case of RMS in Saudi Arabia, and we emphasize the clinical findings and genetic confirmation in this patient.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Knowledge and practice of deep brain stimulation among pediatric neurology residents in Saudi Arabia. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established neurosurgical intervention for movement disorders, yet awareness among Saudi pediatric neurology residents remains limited. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers to DBS among Saudi pediatric neurology trainees. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pediatric neurology residents in Saudi Arabia. Awareness and training in DBS among Saudi pediatric neurology residents are suboptimal.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Correction: Full-length genome reveals genetic diversity and extensive recombination patterns of Saudi GI-1 and GI-23 genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In this study, we employed eDNA metabarcoding to comprehensively characterise bacterioplankton communities associated with pelagic particles in a three-dimensional assessment spanning depths from the surface to a depth of 2300 m along the full length of the eastern Red Sea within the exclusive economic zone of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Virology, epidemiology, transmissions, diagnostic tests, prophylaxis and treatments of human Mpox: Saudi Arabia perspective. Mpox cases were previously only reported in West and Central Africa, however in recent times non-endemic countries including Saudi Arabia (SA) also reported confirmed Mpox cases.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Epidemiological trends of HSV-1 and HSV-2 Central Nervous System Infections: A Retrospective Analysis from 2018 to 2023 from Saudi Arabia. This study assessed the epidemiology and diagnostic trends of HSV-1 and HSV-2 CNS infections in a tertiary hospital in Southwestern Saudi Arabia from 2018 to 2023. This study reports an important burden of HSV-related CNS infections in Southwestern Saudi Arabia, indicating the importance of timely diagnosis through PCR testing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “BACKGROUND: Understanding the ethnic molecular subtype characteristics of breast cancer (BC) in Saudi women is crucial for providing comprehensive prognostic information and optimizing patient outcomes, making it essential to study their distribution and impact on survival. METHODS: This hospital-based cohort study analyzed clinic-pathological data from 1,035 Saudi women diagnosed with invasive BC and followed for 12 years, at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular subtypes and stage at diagnosis are key predictors of mortality in Saudi women with BC.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Costs of Adverse Event Management Associated with First-Line Cetuximab or Panitumumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients in Saudi Arabia. Introduction: In Saudi Arabia, patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with wild-type RAS mutations may be treated with either cetuximab plus chemotherapy (CET + CT) or panitumumab plus chemotherapy (PAN + CT), which are epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies. This study calculated the costs of adverse event (AE) management linked to anti-EGFR treatment in Saudi Arabia's national health budget from payer and societal perspectives. Methods: An adaptation of a global model developed in Microsoft Excel® was performed to estimate the costs of AE management associated with the first-line treatment (CET + CT and PAN + CT) of RAS wild-type mCRC patients in Saudi healthcare settings. Unit costs in Saudi Riyal (SAR) were obtained from the National Guard of Health Affairs and Ministry of Health 2024 price lists. Results: Within the Saudi payer perspective model, treatment with CET + CT vs PAN + CT resulted in average population cost savings of SAR 9 246 133 (4 741 606 international dollars [Intl ] ) a n d p e r - p a t i e n t c o s t s a v i n g s o f S A R 20 321 ( I n t l 10 421) for severe AEs, and average population cost savings of SAR 16 039 427 (Intl 8 225 347 ) a n d p e r - p a t i e n t c o s t s a v i n g s o f S A R 35 251 ( I n t l 18 077) for all-grade AEs. On the other hand, within the Saudi societal perspective model, treatment with CET + CT vs PAN + CT resulted in average population cost savings of SAR 11 386 314 (Intl 5 839 135 ) a n d p e r - p a t i e n t c o s t s a v i n g s o f S A R 25 025 ( I n t l 12 833) for severe AEs, while resulting in average population cost savings of SAR 18 179 608 (Intl 9 322 875 ) a n d p e r p a t i e n t c o s t s a v i n g s o f S A R 39 955 ( I n t l 20 489) for all grade AEs. Conclusion: The CET + CT regimen was associated with a lower AE frequency than the PAN + CT regimen for the treatment of untreated RAS wild-type mCRC patients, thus resulting in AE management cost savings from both the Saudi payer and societal perspectives. These substantial cost savings may mitigate the financial burden of mCRC in Saudi healthcare settings.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Honeybee proteins in Saudi honeys: A shotgun gel-free proteomic study. This study investigated the protein content of Acacia and Ziziphus honey samples from the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia following the shotgun gel-free proteomics. This study reported, for the first time, the presence of sixteen honeybee proteins in Acacia and Ziziphus honey samples from the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Microbial community variations in adult Hyalomma dromedarii ticks from single locations in Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. METHODS: To address this, we characterized the bacterial microbiota of H. dromedarii ticks collected from camels in Tunisia (TUN) and Saudi Arabia (SA) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, microbial network analysis, and metabolic pathway prediction. Moreover, network robustness analyses demonstrated enhanced ecological stability in the Tunisian tick microbiota under perturbation, indicative of higher resilience to environmental fluctuations compared to Saudi Arabian ticks. Saudi Arabia and males vs. females), underscoring environmental and biological influences on H. dromedarii microbiota assembly.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Eight Saudi female blood samples were used to undergo for whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing for the identification of novel DNA methylation targets. Finally, the validation was conducted on blood samples from 49 Saudi females using methylight techniques.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: We investigated the autoantibodies in one hundred and sixteen Saudi RA patients and correlated with host-related risk factors.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Bipolar Disorders in Saudi Arabia: What Do We Know So Far? Bipolar disorders (BP) are prevalent neuropsychiatric illnesses affecting 1%-5% of the global population and about 3% of the Saudi population. Despite being common mental health conditions in Saudi Arabia, stigma persists, with weak character, supernatural beliefs, and weak faith considered as causes. In addition, Saudi patients with BP have been reported to seek help from non-psychiatric healthcare professionals and faith healers. More data are required on BP from Saudi Arabia, including the genetic aspects and their treatment approaches. This narrative review paper explores the epidemiology and clinical manifestations, etiology and biological mechanisms, public knowledge and awareness of the illnesses, and treatment of BP in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Minnesota by analyzing 259 isolates from poultry in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Saudi Arabia contributed the most studies, with 41 (61.1%), followed by Kuwait with 7 (10.4%), and the UAE with 6 (9%) studies. Additionally, colistin resistance through the mcr-1 gene and mgrB mutations was reported in Saudi Arabia and the UAE, posing a significant public health challenge.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Early diagnosis and follow-up of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in infant siblings presenting with congenital diarrhea: A case study from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The future of personalized medicine in Saudi Arabia: Opportunities and challenges. In Saudi Arabia, personalized medicine is gaining momentum, driven by the country's Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to transform the healthcare sector by integrating advanced medical technologies and improving healthcare delivery. The Kingdom has made significant strides in genomics and bioinformatics, with initiatives such as the Saudi Human Genome Program and advancements in institutions i.e., King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre. This review explores the current state, challenges, and future prospects of personalized medicine in Saudi Arabia, highlighting its transformative impact on healthcare delivery and patient outcomes.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Full-length genome reveals genetic diversity and extensive recombination patterns of Saudi GI-1 and GI-23 genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus. METHODS: Over a 24-month period from May 2022 to June 2024, 360 samples were collected from 19 layer and 3 broiler poultry farms in central Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: Saudi IBV strains were found to cluster into genotypes GI-1 and GI-23.1.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We developed consensus recommendations to guide healthcare professionals, policymakers, and researchers in improving HDV management and patient health outcomes in three GCC states: Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Medical Students' Impression of Surgical Pathology as a Career in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to evaluate medical students' knowledge of surgical pathologists' jobs in Saudi Arabian medical colleges, which will help identify gaps in knowledge and develop targeted interventions to promote interest in surgical pathology as a career. For simplicity, in this study, we refer to anatomical/surgical pathology as "pathology".Methods and resultsA cross-sectional study was done in Saudi Arabia with a total of 478 medical students examining their perception of pathologist's job using a validated questionnaire distributed through social media platforms.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The findings were reported to the Saudi Food and Drug Authority to communicate with the manufacturer and other health care organizations involved.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The aim of this paper is to describe the impairments in language in two Saudi Arabians with SD and to determine if their word reading within a sentence context would result in incorrect responses.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Assessing the role of serum prolactin levels and coding region somatic mutations of the prolactin gene in Saudi uterine leiomyoma patients.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Bayesian time-scaled phylogenies and phylogeographic reconstructions further illuminate distinct dissemination pathways, suggesting an intriguing origin, with WmA likely emerging from the United States and WmB tracing back to Saudi Arabia, while the Middle East emerges as a dynamic epicenter for regional spread and subsequent incursions into the Americas.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Pathogenic Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012, continues to pose a threat to public health.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of Marawh and Bidah pomegranate landraces from Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia, using ITS DNA barcoding. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) plays a vital cultural and economic role in the Al-Baha region of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A total of 81 distinct colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae sequence types were identified worldwide, with the highest clonal diversity observed in India and China (n = 16), followed by South Korea (n = 15), Brazil (n = 14), France and Saudi Arabia (n = 12), Nigeria (n = 11), Colombia (n = 9), and Italy and Taiwan (n = 8). eBURST analysis grouped 87 colistin-resistant sequence types into 51 singletons and 9 clonal complexes, forming 5 distinct clonal groups.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study aimed to determine the prevalence of these alterations and evaluate their clinicopathological significance in a Saudi Arabian patient cohort.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic characterization and multidrug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from peregrine falcons in Saudi Arabia: A One Health perspective. This study aimed to identify P. aeruginosa isolates from peregrine falcons in Saudi Arabia and to characterize their genomic features, phylogenetic relationships, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty cloacal swabs were collected from adult peregrine falcons showing clinical signs of gastrointestinal distress and housed in falconry facilities in Eastern Saudi Arabia between 2022 and 2024. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of WGS-characterized, MDR P. aeruginosa in falcons from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: This observational study, carried out between January and August 2024 in Saudi Arabia, involved 20 HNSCC and 10 normal oral cell lines sourced from The American type culture collection.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: Based on allele frequency data from the USA and Saudi Arabia, STR profiles were generated and used to simulate offspring profiles corresponding to father-child and brother-sister incest scenarios. When analysing profiles from Saudi Arabia and modified Saudi frequencies, an accuracy of 94% was achieved.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The cgMLST analysis showed that two Egyptian ST570PAS isolates clustered with a strain from Saudi Arabia, suggesting potential regional transmission.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “An exceptionally high number of novel mutations within domain II of the voltage-gated sodium channel have been reported in human lice from Iran and Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This consensus outlines the recommendations of experts from three scientific meetings that gathered specialists in otolaryngology, pediatrics, and immuno-allergology from Egypt, Tunisia, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genotypic drug resistance and transmission clusters of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates among Ethiopian returnees from Saudi Arabia. In recent years, Ethiopia has experienced an increased influx of returnees from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the genotypic drug resistance and transmission clusters of M. tuberculosis among returnees from various detention centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Sixteen transmission clusters were identified, suggesting possible transmission events and a likely origin within the detention centers of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Methods: A total of 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks from invasive BC cases were collected from King Abdulaziz Hospital in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Assessing respiratory therapists' compliance with cystic fibrosis guidelines in Saudi Arabia: A descriptive quantitative study. CF's prevalence is particularly high in Saudi Arabia, where the incidence has increased from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 1,000 births. Using a convenience sampling technique, a self-report survey was distributed to 750 members of the Saudi Society for Respiratory Care (SSRC), resulting in 351 responses, of which 166 were fully completed and met the inclusion criteria. Addressing these gaps could elevate the standard of care and contribute to better patient outcomes and survival rates in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The increasing importance of Dengue virus infection in Saudi Arabia: A review. Of note, the emergence of the first case of dengue viral infection occurred in Saudi Arabia in the 1990s, and since then there has been a steady rise in the number of cases. Moreover, the arrival of imported dengue virus variants poses a significant challenge to dengue fever surveillance and control efforts within the region, especially as Saudi Arabia attracts millions of religious pilgrims throughout the year. Herein, we discuss the epidemiology of dengue viral infection in Saudi Arabia, dengue fever biology and clinical manifestation. Current management strategies, amongst other factors influencing dengue fever in Saudi Arabia are also deliberated upon. Future ongoing research and consistent monitoring of both established and emerging dengue viral strains within Saudi Arabia are needed, given the lack of current comprehensive studies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “From Inconclusive Fine Needle Aspiration to Double Malignancies: A Case Report of Primary Thyroid Lymphoma With Concurrent Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Sickle Cell Disease Patient in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects millions globally, with approximately 0.26% of the Saudi population impacted. This retrospective observational study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of L-glutamine (Endari®) in reducing SCD-related complications in the Saudi population, where data remain limited.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The Prevalence and Predictors of Sickle Cell Anemia in the Saudi Arabia General Population: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study. Background/Objectives: Despite the high incidence of sickle cell anemia in Saudi Arabia, little is known about the sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors, and concomitant conditions of the condition. We performed this study to measure the prevalence of sickle cell anemia and its associated predictors among Saudi residents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 primary healthcare centers across Saudi Arabia. A total of 14,239 Saudi residents were included through multi-stage random sampling. Results: Overall, the prevalence of sickle cell anemia was found to be 3.2% among Saudi residents. While the overall prevalence of sickle cell anemia in our study was relatively modest, the Saudi Arabian government should prioritize the objective quantification of the disease burden across the population to effectively mitigate its consequences.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: This report describes a 25-year-old Saudi male who presented to the emergency department with a 1-week history of left leg pain.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: We conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analyses of clonal complex (CC) 5 MRSA isolates recovered from goats and their farm environments in Saudi Arabia and isolates recovered from other sources worldwide. We found that there was a strong to moderate link of transmission of isolates belonging to CC5 from the USA to Saudi Arabia (ST6 Posterior Probability (PP) = 0.975, Bayes Factor (BF) = 179 and ST5 PP = 0.409, BF = 7).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic analysis of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W causing invasive meningococcal disease in four travellers from Saudi Arabia, Italy, 2025. Genomic analysis was performed on Neisseria meningitidis isolates from four cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) identified in Italy after travel to Saudi Arabia in 2025.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Hybrid Genome and Clinical Impact of Emerging Extensively Drug-Resistant Priority Bacterial Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii in Saudi Arabia. This functional genomics study aimed to understand the drug-resistance mechanisms of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii strain (IRMCBCU95U) isolated from a transtracheal aspirate sample from a female patient with end-stage renal disease in Saudi Arabia. The complex resistome of IRMCBCU95U highlights the urgent need for genomic surveillance in hospital settings in Saudi Arabia to fight against the spread of extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Comprehensive genome analysis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in camels from Saudi Arabia: Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance. BACKGROUND AND AIM: Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a significant infectious disease affecting livestock, including camels in Saudi Arabia, leading to severe economic losses. This study aimed to (1) characterize the clinical and pathological findings of MAP infections in camels; (2) determine the seroprevalence of MAP in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia; (3) differentiate between MAP strains using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bioinformatics tools; (4) conduct a comprehensive genomic analysis; and (5) identify genes associated with AMR, virulence, and immune response.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genome of a Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolate of a new Sequence Type ST1724 from Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A. baumannii strain AB34 was isolated from a tracheal aspirate specimen from a patient diagnosed with atherosclerotic disease and treated at a hospital in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Understanding Oral Lichen Planus and Its Malignant Potential in the Saudi Arabian Population: A Systematic Review. This review aimed to synthesize available evidence from Saudi Arabia regarding OLP prevalence, clinical presentation, associated factors, and risk of malignant transformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted across several electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, Scopus, Saudi Digital Library) up to February 2024. Eligible studies were original clinical investigations on OLP in Saudi Arabia, reporting at least one of the following: prevalence, clinical presentation, treatment, or malignant transformation. Reported prevalence of OLP across Saudi Arabian populations ranged from 0.35% to 11.08%. CONCLUSION: Prevalence estimates of OLP in Saudi Arabia are highly variable, reflecting methodological and diagnostic inconsistencies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “It is mostly observed in Asians, and in Saudi Arabia, the prevalence was found to be 4%. CASE DESCRIPTION: We report two cases of RS muscle discovered in Saudi Arabian females during modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer, paying special attention to its correct identification, its clinical importance, and its impact on treatment of breast cancer.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In this study, we present an analysis of the human IGH locus, incorporating 15 human genome assemblies from diverse ancestries, including African, European, Asian, Saudi, and mixed backgrounds.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement (TPVR): A Saudi Consensus Statement.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Awareness, practices, and factors of pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation among elementary school teachers in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey. However, their awareness and preparedness to perform CPR remain underexplored, especially in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess the awareness, practices, and factors influencing CPR preparedness among elementary school teachers in Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May 1, 2024, and October 31, 2024, among 271 elementary school teachers from various regions in Saudi Arabia. The study showed a shortage in CPR training and awareness among elementary school teachers in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) presenting with valvulitis, myocarditis, and QTc prolongation: A case report from Saudi Arabia. PATIENT CONCERNS: An 11-year-old previously healthy Saudi girl presented with gastrointestinal symptoms initially suggestive of acute appendicitis.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study aimed to evaluate the indications and common findings of fetal echocardiography at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia, as well as identify factors associated with abnormal findings.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “As this condition is extremely rare in Saudi Arabia, matched blood donors were secured from outside the country.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Ketamine Analgo-sedation for Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Adults: A Rapid Practice Guideline from the Saudi Critical Care Society and the Scandinavian Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: A baseline was established by training multiple machine learning and deep learning models on a toddler ASD screening dataset from Saudi Arabia, augmented with the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to address class imbalance.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of emergency medical care among school teachers in Rabigh Governorate, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Preeclampsia in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence, Risk Factors, Awareness, and Outcomes. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the prevalence, awareness, risk factors, and outcomes of preeclampsia among women in Saudi Arabia.In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, focusing on studies published between 1999 and 2024. We included observational studies conducted in Saudi Arabia reporting the risk factors, prevalence, and outcomes of preeclampsia.Overall, 21 studies were included in the analysis, of which 15 analyzed prevalence. The prevalence of preeclampsia in Saudi Arabia was 4.80%, with higher rates reported in cross-sectional studies (9.52%). Adverse maternal outcomes included hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet syndrome and eclamptic seizures, whereas fetuses faced significant risks, including stillbirth, prematurity, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).Preeclampsia poses a significant health burden in Saudi Arabia, which is compounded by limited public awareness and critical risk factors.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: The main novelty is to identify and explore the key factors affecting ASD in Saudi Arabia and Egypt, aiming to improve early diagnosis through Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques, specifically SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations), and Permutation Feature Importance (PFI). The system was applied to a real dataset collected from various locations across Saudi Arabia, which is publicly available on Kaggle. RESULTS: The results show that KNN, when combined with XAI, achieved a high accuracy of 97% on the Saudi Arabia dataset and 92% on the Egypt dataset. It demonstrates that integrating advanced AI techniques with practical clinical applications can significantly improve the healthcare system in Saudi Arabia, leading to earlier ASD detection, better-informed treatment plans, and ultimately, an improved quality of life for those affected.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2023 to July 2025 across primary health care centers in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “How Teachers' Pedagogical Beliefs Drive Effective Technology Implementation for Students With ASD in Saudi Arabia. PURPOSE: This study examined the relationships between teachers' technological competence, pedagogical beliefs, and the effective implementation of innovative technologies for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia; further, it explored how these factors ultimately influence student learning outcomes. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 122 special education teachers across Saudi Arabia and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report the case of a young Filipino woman living in Saudi Arabia who presented with new-onset seizures and a solitary parietal lesion.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We applied ML to the 10-question QCHAT-10, training models on New Zealand (n = 1054) and Saudi Arabian (n = 506) datasets with QCHAT-derived labels and testing on Polish data with clinical diagnoses (n = 252). When tested on clinically-diagnosed Polish cases at the 0.3 prediction threshold, the New Zealand model achieved an AUROC of 85% ± 13 (sensitivity 91%, specificity 50%), while the Saudi model reached 87% ± 11 (sensitivity 84%, specificity 80%), compared to the Polish four-item model's cross-validation AUROC of 91% ± 5.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We present a case of a 22-year-old Saudi female who presented with a generalized tonic-clonic seizure and a significant history of undiagnosed psychiatric suffering.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “BACKGROUND: This study investigates Family Quality of Life (FQoL) among mothers of children with intellectual disabilities across three Arab countries: Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Qatar.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Saudi teachers' attitudes toward community-based vocational instruction for secondary students with intellectual disabilities. This national survey examined the attitudes of Saudi secondary special-education teachers toward CBVI and the demographic, institutional, and regional factors influencing their perspectives. The findings suggest that Saudi teachers are ready and willing to implement CBVI.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study aimed to assess the levels of ADHD-related knowledge and awareness among students at a public university in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia, from February to July 2025.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “OBJECTIVE: Aim: To investigate the obstacles encountered by Saudi mothers with adult autistic children in promoting autonomy and meaningful relationships.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of the Arabic Version of the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (Peers-AA) for Autistic Adolescents in Saudi Arabia. This pilot study explored the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the translated and culturally adapted Arabic version of the UCLA PEERS® among autistic adolescents (ages 11-17) in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Currently, there is a paucity of research that has examined their perspectives in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A 20-year-old Saudi man presented to the emergency department with elevated liver enzyme levels, fever, decreased oral intake, nausea, abdominal pain, dysuria, dizziness, and confusion.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was utilized, involving 160 caregivers from the Abdullah Al-Tamimi Autism Center in Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Treatment Response in Pediatric Patients with Status Epilepticus: A Retrospective Observational Study from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Screening and Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Pregnancy: A Nationwide Survey of Physicians in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, where SCH prevalence among pregnant women is notably high (13%), there is limited national data on how closely physicians follow these guidelines. Conclusion The study revealed substantial variability and low overall adherence to the ATA guidelines among physicians in Saudi Arabia managing SCH during pregnancy.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A Novel Variant of ARID1B-Related Coffin-Siris Syndrome in a Saudi Girl: A Case Report. We present a case involving a Saudi girl who had global developmental delay, hypertrichosis, and subtle dysmorphic traits since birth but remained undiagnosed until the age of nine.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In Saudi Arabia, despite clinical guidelines endorsing their use, the availability of AMPH-based stimulants remains limited. OBJECTIVE: This narrative review aims to explore the current regulatory and policy environment influencing AMPH medication availability for individuals diagnosed with ADHD in Saudi Arabia. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EBSCO, and PsycINFO using defined search terms related to ADHD, psychostimulants, and Saudi Arabia. Additional grey literature from key regulatory bodies, such as the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), the Ministry of Health (MOH), and the Saudi ADHD Society, was also reviewed. CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests a likely shortfall in AMPH-based medications. in Saudi Arabia, despite global and local evidence supporting their efficacy.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Evaluation of childhood absence seizures awareness and knowledge among parents in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Despite their prevalence and potential impact on a child's development, awareness and knowledge about CAS among parents in Saudi Arabia remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess parents' awareness and understanding of CAS in Saudi Arabia. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among parents of children recruited from various regions in Saudi Arabia. RESULT: Our results indicate a lack of awareness and understanding of CAS among parents in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: These findings underscore the need for targeted educational interventions aimed at improving parental awareness and knowledge of childhood absence seizures in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “RESULTS: Of 3,739 studies identified, 19 met the inclusion criteria, published during the period 2007-2025, from Iran, Oman, Libya, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Qatar, Iraq.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: A record-based study was performed retrospectively in Radiology department at our Hospital in Eastern region of Saudi Arabia, from Jan.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In Saudi Arabia, the growing number of students with psychological comorbidities adds further complexity to the educational environment. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the relationships between sociodemographic variables (gender, age, marital status, education level, years of experience), job satisfaction, and the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment) among special education teachers in Saudi Arabia. 393 special education teachers from different regions of Saudi Arabia participated in the study. These results underscore the need for targeted support, mental health interventions, and policies aimed at improving working conditions for special education teachers in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Perceptions of Special Education Professionals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Regarding the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder. This study investigated the perspectives of 423 specialists in special education across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) on the requirements and challenges associated with integrating AI technologies into the ASD diagnostic process.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Medical students' attitudes towards healthcare for people with intellectual disabilities: an experience from Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia. This study examines the attitudes of medical students in the Al-Jouf region of Saudi Arabia and their potential influence on future healthcare delivery for people with intellectual disabilities (PwIDs).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Background/Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in Saudi Arabia, yet challenges remain in diagnosis and treatment accessibility. This study examined healthcare practitioners' clinical approaches to ADHD diagnosis and management in Saudi Arabia and identified gaps in practice. Methods: This cross-sectional study included healthcare practitioners working in various healthcare settings across Saudi Arabia. Conclusions: Significant variability in ADHD diagnosis and treatment practices was evident among healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. Major barriers to ADHD diagnosis and treatment in Saudi Arabia include extended referral waiting lists, limited availability of psychostimulant medications, and standardized clinical guidelines.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Indicators of competitive employment for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study. Seven coaches of individuals with IDDs who were working with businesses that hire workers with disabilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were selected to participate.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Underdosing and response to pharmacotherapy in patients with status epilepticus: a retrospective study from Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND: Despite the essential of understanding patterns of status epilepticus (SE) and investigating appropriate therapy for these patients, such data are limited in the Saudi population. CONCLUSIONS: There is an immanent need for educational, drug regulation awareness programs, and protocols enforcement policies that aims to optimize patient care by improving physicians' adherence to clinical guidelines' recommendations to improve the status of managing patients with SE in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Herein, we report a 61-year-old Saudi retiree with cognitive decline, recurrent right FBDS, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and persistent hyponatremia who showed a significant improvement after rituximab therapy.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “It is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, with an increase in the number of young children diagnosed with ASD in Saudi Arabia. The framework was developed in Python and tested on two datasets: autism screening data and ASD screening data for toddlers in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Rigorous experimentation has been performed on the EEG datasets collected from Italy and Saudi Arabia according to different criteria.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We describe a rare case of a 21-month-old Saudi girl who presented to our clinic with features of PPV type 2a. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 21-month-old Saudi girl presented to the clinic with erythematous to violaceous patches and diffuse greyish patches over her back and buttocks since birth.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Only one study from Saudi Arabia addressed maternal pertussis vaccination, reflecting low vaccine uptake and awareness among pregnant women.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Evaluation of Pediatricians' Knowledge of Autism in Saudi Arabia. Pediatricians are often the first point of contact; however, their knowledge of ASD in Saudi Arabia remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this sudy was to evaluate the knowledge of pediatricians in Saudi Arabia regarding childhood autism using the validated Knowledge about Childhood Autism among Health Workers (KCAHW) questionnaire. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 357 pediatricians practicing in Saudi Arabia from September 2021 to August 2022. CONCLUSION: Pediatricians in Saudi Arabia demonstrated above-average knowledge of ASD, significant gaps remain - particularly in social interaction and comorbidities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “They were recruited from Taiba Specialized Centers for the Care of People with Special Needs in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Problematic sexual behaviors of adolescents with intellectual disability in Saudi Arabia: uncovering the hidden.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A thematic review of autism spectrum disorder research in Saudi Arabia: Insights into diagnosis, assessment, and language considerations. This study reviews the crucial role of language in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis and assessment in Saudi Arabia. An increasing trend in ASD research in Saudi Arabia was observed through temporal analysis. Keyword analysis identified key themes including "autism," "language," "assessment," "diagnosis," "Saudi Arabia," and "children." The focus of research has shifted over the years, from pure clinical and diagnostic aspects to a more comprehensive approach that includes language and cultural factors in ASD evaluation. The findings underscore the importance of culturally and linguistically sensitive approaches in ASD diagnosis and assessment, providing a novel insight for future research and clinical practice in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genetic Factors Associated With Myocardial Infarction in Saudi Arabia. INTRODUCTION: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of mortality in Saudi Arabia, with individuals sharing genetic, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors. The present investigation aimed to review the literature on genetic susceptibility to MI among Saudi individuals, with a specific emphasis on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for coronary artery disease (CAD) and MI. METHODS: This PROSPERO-registered systematic review and meta-analysis (CRD42024603752) evaluates genetic determinants of myocardial infarction among Saudi adults. RESULTS: Findings suggest that several polymorphic genes are highly associated with MI in Saudi citizens. CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes that genetic factors significantly contribute to MI in Saudi Arabia. The findings highlight the need for MI prevention programs tailored to specific genotypes in the Saudi population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Knowledge and perception of otosclerosis among women in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and perception of otosclerosis among women in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 months, including 508 Saudi women aged 18 years and above. CONCLUSION: Public understanding of otosclerosis in Saudi Arabia is inadequate, and reliance on unofficial sources may contribute to misinformation.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “HOW PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PHYSICIANS IN SAUDI ARABIA HANDLE SUDDEN SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. The purpose of this study was to assess Saudi Arabian primary healthcare physicians diagnostic abilities, knowledge and practices related to SSNHL. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 371 PCPs in Saudi Arabia was carried out. CONCLUSION: Although the majority of Saudi Arabian PCPs agree that SSNHL is urgent, there are still gaps in their understanding and adherence to evidence-based practices.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Regional Patterns and Risk Factors of Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study Across Saudi Arabia. Despite the global recognition of HL as a growing concern, there is a scarcity of region-specific data in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Monitoring Ototoxicity in Cancer Patients Undergoing Platinum-Based Chemotherapy and Radiation in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and Solutions. This study provides the first national-level insight into ototoxicity monitoring for cancer patients in Saudi Arabia, aiming to identify service gaps and propose solutions to guide healthcare planning. CONCLUSION: As decision-makers seek reliable national data to guide policies aligned with Vision 2030 health transformation goals, this study proposes policy-based solutions to strengthen ototoxicity monitoring and expand access to hearing rehabilitation services in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Teachers' obstacles and supports in distance learning education for students who are deaf and hard of hearing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND: This study investigated teachers' perceptions of the obstacles facing students who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) and the support they believe is needed to overcome these obstacles in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Data were collected using the Saudi Arabian Teachers in Deaf Education (SSAT) questionnaire and analyzed using a combination of descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including factor analysis, an independent sample test, and a one-way ANOVA test.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence and determinants of hearing loss in systemic lupus erythematosus: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Rheumatology Clinic of King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, between November 2023 and March 2024، involving patients diagnosed with SLE.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Quality of higher education and self-determination for Deaf and hard-of-hearing students in Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND: The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Saudi Arabia's Persons with Disabilities Rights Law guarantee the rights of individuals with disabilities to receive high-quality education. Therefore, Saudi Arabian higher education institutions have implemented programs specifically designed for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) students. METHODS: A qualitative approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with seven staff from six higher education institutes in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “In Saudi Arabia, despite inclusive education reforms, barriers to reading achievement remain. Using a qualitative design, semistructured interviews were conducted with 23 teachers from inclusive and specialized educational settings in three major Saudi cities. Thematic analysis revealed five central challenges: limited student vocabulary, insufficient teacher fluency in Saudi Sign Language (SSL), lack of professional development in evidence-based strategies, minimal early childhood language exposure, and the presence of additional disabilities. The study contributes to the growing literature on d/Dhh literacy and provides actionable insights for improving instructional equity within the Saudi educational context.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The findings revealed that the strategies DHH students employed varied depending on their cultural background and fluency in Saudi Sign Language (SSL).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stigma among high school students with deafness and its association with their quality of school life: A national study from Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among high school students with deafness in Saudi Arabia, excluding students who were hard of hearing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This cross-sectional study, conducted from November 2023 to January 2024, examined intraoperative sharp object injuries among orthopedic surgeons in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through an electronic questionnaire distributed by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, covering demographics, injury prevalence, percieved risk factors, and prevention strategies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Libya (15.8%), Morocco (13.2%), Saudi Arabia, and MENA as a whole (10.5% for each) were the primary sources of the included records.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We aim to assess HIV and other STIs morbidity trends from 1992 to 2021 across BRICS-plus (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), which accounts for nearly half of the world population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A Cross-Sectional Study on Pediatric Resident Knowledge and Perceptions of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Western Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and April 2025 among pediatric residents in Western Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report a case of a 6-year-old boy from Saudi Arabia who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and weight loss, initially suspected to have inflammatory bowel disease.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of surgeons in Saudi Arabia regarding the preoperative management of IBD patients undergoing surgery while on biological treatments. CONCLUSION: This study identifies a persistent gap between evidence and practice in the perioperative management of IBD patients on biologics among Saudi surgeons, with general surgeons often stopping biologics due to safety concerns despite evidence of their safety, while colorectal surgeons are more likely to follow current guidelines.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Core journals included Scientific Reports and IEEE Access, and core institutions included the Harvard Medical School and the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, while core countries comprised China, the USA, India, the UK and Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Mapping the Ulcerative Colitis Patient Journey in Saudi Arabia from Healthcare Professionals' Perspective: A Cross-Sectional Non-Interventional Study. Background/Objectives: The burden of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing in Saudi Arabia (KSA), and patients with UC often suffer from delays in diagnosis and appropriate management. Methods: Quantitative interviews were conducted with 60 HCPs (45 gastroenterologists and 15 internal medicine specialists) from different regions in Saudi Arabia (KSA) using a Computer-Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) system.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Comment on "Gut fungal profile in new onset treatment-naïve ulcerative colitis in Saudi children".” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “RESULTS: Between 2009 and 2023, Arab countries produced 1004 IBD-related publications (2.9% of global output), with Saudi Arabia (37.7%) and Egypt (27.5%) being the leading countries.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Saudi consensus guidance for the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents. This article provides recommendations for managing IBD in Saudi children and adolescents aged 6-19 years, developed by the Saudi Ministry of Health in collaboration with the Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy and the Saudi Gastroenterology Association.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Transaldolase Deficiency in a Saudi Girl: Identification of a Novel Homozygous TALDO1 Variant. We present a case of a nine-month-old Saudi girl with clinical features consistent with TALDOD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The phylogenetic analyses revealed that the tested K. pneumoniae strains shared high genetic similarity with other K. pneumoniae strains from South Africa, Saudi Arabia, India, USA, Spain, Bangladesh, and China.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Saudi Arabia and China exhibited a markedly decrease of CAKUT burden.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Factors Associated with Willingness for Corneal Donation in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. We aim to evaluate the public knowledge, awareness, and attitudes towards corneal transplants in the Western region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We conducted an electronic cross-sectional survey distributed using social media platforms (Twitter and Telegram) targeting residents of the western region of Saudi Arabia during the period from October 2021- January 2022.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Insights into parental perspectives: Children's eye care in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was randomly distributed to Saudi parents of children aged 0-18 years from February 2022 to April 2022. CONCLUSION: Parental knowledge of children's eye care in Saudi Arabia was acceptable.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “These subgroup haplotypes include Benin, Arab-Indian, Senegal, Bantu, Algeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Saudi and various other varieties.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report two cases of Saudi women aged 27 and 28 years presenting with hyperpigmented axillary papules and mild pruritus, consistent with FFD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Saudi native chicken response to embryonic thermal manipulation: Comparative morphometric analysis of myofiber diameter of the pectoral and thigh muscles. BACKGROUND: Native Saudi chickens have the genetic capacity to develop well and produce eggs in hot environments, allowing them to withstand heat stress. AIM: This study assessed the impact of temperature on the hatchability, body weight (BW), and myofiber diameter of the pectoral and thigh muscles of native Saudi chickens. CONCLUSION: Thus, commercial breeders can use thermal manipulation to improve the muscle growth of local chickens in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Carbapenem resistance and multidrug resistance in Morganellaceae: a 12-year retrospective cross-sectional study from southern Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiology, demographic and clinical characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance dynamics of Morganellaceae isolates in southern Saudi Arabia over a 12-year period, with a specific focus on carbapenem resistance (CRE), multidrug resistance (MDR), and difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR), as well as their genus-level variability and unique resistance phenotypes. METHODS: A 12-year retrospective cross-sectional study (2012-2024) was conducted at Aseer Central Hospital, southern Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: Morganellaceae infections in southern Saudi Arabia carry substantial MDR and CRE burdens with pronounced genus-level variability,with Providencia posing the greatest therapeutic challenge.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Here we analyzed the whole-genome sequences of 24 environmental strains of C. deneoformans from western Saudi Arabia, including one MATa and 23 MATα isolates, with 15 MATα isolates belonging to multi-locus sequence type ST160 as defined by their combined DNA sequences at seven loci.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Incidence and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Gram-Negative Bacteria Associated With Chest Infections in Intensive Care Unit Patients From a Selected Hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe the spectrum of Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) responsible for ICU-acquired lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in a Saudi general hospital and to characterize their antimicrobial resistance profiles, including multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) patterns.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Another MLVA-16 comparison with global datasets showed that the strains in this study had genotypes that were completely identical to strains from Asia (Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Syria, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Vietnam, Iraq and India) and Europe (Portugal, Spain, and Greece), indicating that these strains belonged to internationally recognized lineages.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “First Reported Case of Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase Deficiency in a Saudi Child With Hemolytic Anemia. This report documents the first Saudi patient officially diagnosed with GPI deficiency.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Epidemiology, genetic diversity and symptom characterization of rotavirus infection in Saudi Arabia, 1985-2024: a meta-analysis. INTRODUCTION: Rotavirus infection has been a major health burden among children under 5 years in Saudi Arabia. There is a lack of meta-analysis on epidemiology and genetic diversity of rotavirus in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We conducted this study to provide a comparative overview of rotavirus infection in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, the pooled prevalence of RVA among children under 5 years was 34.3% (95% CI: 2% to 81%, I2 = 98.97%). DISCUSSION: This is one of the first meta-analyses to compare the genotypic data of rotaviruses before and after vaccination in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 360 healthy male camels representing three phenotypes (black, yellow, and white) and four age groups (3-5, 5-8, 8-10, and >10 years) were sampled from slaughterhouses in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: A 9-year-old Saudi female presented with a 1-year history of asymptomatic skin lesions involving the face, forearms, hands, legs, and feet.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel bivalent inactivated vaccine (Aviline FLU H9 ND-K) containing genetically matched H9N2 (Saudi Arabian strain, G1 lineage B) and NDV (LaSota genotype II and genotype VII.1.1) strains against contemporary field isolates.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study used protein profiling and molecular markers to investigate the genetic diversity and heat stress response in Zygophyllum populations from Saudi Arabian habitats.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Characterisation of the Novel Allele, HLA-DQB1*06:531, Identified in a Saudi Individual.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This narrative review synthesizes recent data from Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to assess the epidemiology of IPD, the burden of disease, serotype distribution, and risk factors.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Affected patients aged 8 months, 39 years, and 67 years and were all linked to recent travel to Umrah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) with no recent vaccination in the two cases.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Here we analyzed the whole-genome sequences of 24 environmental strains of C. deneoformans from western Saudi Arabia, including one MAT a and 23 MATα isolates, with 15 MATα isolates belonging to multi-locus sequence type ST160 as defined by their combined DNA sequences at seven loci.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “RESULTS: Using whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a Saudi family affected by autosomal recessive LGMD, we identified a novel homozygous frameshift mutation (c.891delT; p.Ala298ArgfsTer64) in the TRIM72 (MG53) gene, which we propose as a strong candidate gene for LGMD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study was performed in western Saudi Arabia to investigate the prevalence, associated risk factors, and phylogenetic analysis of Theileria ovis (T. ovis) in sheep and goats.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report the case of a 37-year-old male individual who had emigrated from Saudi Arabia and was found to have Graves disease.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Haplotype analysis further demonstrated that H1 constitutes the core haplotype (including sequences from Turkey, Iraq and Saudi Arabia), surrounded by derivative haplotype.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The distributions of JK blood group system among healthy blood donors in western region of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. This study aimed to determine the incidence of Jka and Jkb antigens and their phenotypes among blood donors at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Western Region, Saudi Arabia. The frequencies in the non-Saudi population were 84.10% and 64.39%, respectively. This study reported the frequencies of JK blood group among Saudi and non-Saudi blood donors.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The patient had recently returned from Saudi Arabia, where he likely contracted the infection.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The study aims to evaluate the genetic diversity and ecological characteristics of eight groups of Tetraena species in Saudi Arabia using inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) markers, ycf5 and trnH gene sequences, as well as soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We thus investigated the associations of physical activity, sedentary behavior, and metabolic biomarkers with handgrip strength (HGS) as a marker of probable sarcopenia in Saudi post-menopausal women. CONCLUSION: Altogether, we report that high physical activity, low sedentary behavior and low WC are negatively associated with a risk of low HGS among Saudi post-menopausal women.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Biodiversity and Evaluation of Genetic Resources of Some Coffee Trees Grown in Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia. The biodiversity of 12 coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivars collected from the Al-Baha region in the southwest of Saudi Arabia was evaluated using 25 morphological variations and genetic diversity as demonstrated by molecular polymorphism generated by eight Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) and nine Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) primers.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Identification of the Novel Allele, HLA-DQB1*05:351, in a Saudi Individual Using Next-Generation Sequencing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “BACKGROUND: Samh (Mesembryanthemum forsskalii, M. cryptanthum) belongs to Aizoaceae family and is found in northern Saudi Arabia, primarily in desert or dry shrubland habitats.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Ongoing Evolution of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Saudi Arabia, 2023-2024. We collected 558 swab samples from dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia during November 2023-January 2024.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The geographical distribution of studies included the United Arab Emirates (42.86%), Saudi Arabia (28.57%), Iran (14.29%), and Tunisia (14.29%).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “RESULTS: The included investigations were conducted in Bahrain, Emirates, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Kuwait, Egypt, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tunisia, and Yemen.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Exploring Saudi Arabia's care economy in health, education, and social care: a textual analysis using the care diamond framework. OBJECTIVE: The study delineated the care economy in the context of Saudi Arabia by systematically exploring its structure, coordination, and challenges, focusing on healthcare, education, and social care through Razavi's Care Diamond framework. CONCLUSION: Saudi Arabia's care economy is characterised by state dominance, sectoral imbalance, and fragmented delivery.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Most studies (n = 12) were published between 2011 and 2015, predominantly from Saudi Arabia (n = 22), with no reports from Qatar, Bahrain, or Yemen.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A Scoping Review of Interprofessional Education in Saudi Arabia: Outcomes, Barriers, and Implementation Challenges. This study evaluated the available evidence on IPE in Saudi Arabia, focusing on its outcomes, barriers, and A scoping review methodology was employed to analyse research from four databases covering the period from 2000 to 2024. The search used keywords such as "IPE" and "Saudi Arabia" and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews. Most studies followed a cross-sectional design, used the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS), and were conducted in Central Saudi Arabia. This review highlights the growing evidence for the implementation of IPE in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Review of multimorbidity in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, gender differences, and common chronic diseases. BACKGROUND: Multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases in a single individual, is a growing public health challenge globally and particularly in Saudi Arabia. AIMS: This narrative review aims to synthesize existing literature on multimorbidity in Saudi Arabia by examining its prevalence, identifying gender-based differences, and highlighting the most commonly associated chronic diseases. METHODS: A structured search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and institutional databases, including Scopus and Web of Science, for English-language studies on multimorbidity in Saudi Arabia published between 2015 and 2025. RESULTS: Multimorbidity prevalence in Saudi Arabia ranged from 7.1% to 77.6%, with notably higher rates among women, especially in older age groups. CONCLUSION: This review highlights the evolving landscape of multimorbidity in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Psychological consultation apps in Saudi Arabia: A study for experts' evaluation and users' points of view. This study aims to evaluate the user experience of psychological consultation apps in Saudi Arabia, specifically focusing on the usability aspects and user satisfaction of the apps "Labayh," "Estenarah," and "Mind." The research employs two methodologies: First, an expert evaluation using the SMART heuristic framework, developed to assess the usability of mobile apps by identifying usability issues based on established principles.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Saudi Digital Library to identify studies published up to September 2024.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Molecular Identification of Gastroenteritis Pathogens among Adults and Children in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study. Multiplex molecular assays enable simultaneous and rapid detection of various gastrointestinal pathogens, but it has not been used to report the prevalence of such infections from Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES: To determine the viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens implicated in infectious diarrhea among children and adults and describe their seasonality in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study that included all documented results of syndromic PCR-based gastrointestinal pathogen panels between November 1, 2021, and March 31, 2023, from a private, tertiary healthcare hospital in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: We describe variable distributions of viral, bacterial, and parasitic causes of diarrhea across age groups and seasons in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “'That's Enough' - Workplace Violence Against Physicians, Pharmacists, and Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of Prevalence, Causes, and Consequences. Despite the global attention to WPV, systematic reviews specifically addressing WPV across all three professions-physicians, pharmacists, and nurses-and in various healthcare settings in Saudi Arabia are lacking. This review examines the prevalence, contributing factors, types, sources, potential causes, reactions, and impact of WPV against HCPs in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases from January 2010 to November 2024 and reviewed reference lists of included studies focusing on WPV against physicians, pharmacists, and nurses in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of WPV against HCPs in Saudi Arabia highlights the urgent need for enhanced protective measures, increased awareness of WPV policies, and improved reporting systems.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “RESULTS: Cardiac transplantation in MENA has made strides, with established programs in Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Lebanon.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: In this article, we report a case of a 35-year-old Arabian Saudi male with a known case of Klinefelter syndrome who presented to oculoplastic clinic complaining of progressively growing superior-temporal mass in the left eye.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Safety and effectiveness of ataluren in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: single-center experience from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Currently, most of the reported patients are from Saudi Arabia. The novel variant was fully segregated in a wider family and was absent in a large control cohort, ethnically matching in-house exomes, local databases such as CGMdb and Saudi Human Genome Program, and ClinVar.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Health authorities in multiple countries worldwide have approved TETA-4HCl for the treatment of adults and children aged 5 years or more who are intolerant to DPA including the European Union, UK, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, Colombia, Australia, New Zealand, and China.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “OBJECTIVES: To investigate the rate of hospitalized neonates with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency presented with indirect hyperbilirubinemia at a private tertiary center in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, over 4 years and to compare the characteristics of G6PD-deficient and normal neonates admitted for indirect hyperbilirubinemia. METHODS: The retrospective case control study was carried out at Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Experts' Opinion in Fabry Disease Management and the Unmet Medical Need: The Saudi Perspective. This expert review evaluates the available guidelines, the status of diagnosed but untreated patients with FD, and the challenges in diagnosing and managing FD in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The goal of this ABM was to discuss current unmet needs in the management of Fabry patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: We studied two Saudi families (A and B) with bilateral moderate hearing loss (family A) and clubfoot with glaucoma (family B).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genetic Implications and Management of Epidermolysis Bullosa in the Saudi Arabian Population. This review explores the genetic basis and management of EB in the Saudi population, emphasizing the need for genetic insights to enable precise diagnosis, targeted treatments, and effective counseling. Diagnosis in Saudi Arabia relies on clinical assessments and genetic testing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The absence of precisely validated data impedes a comprehensive understanding of this disease.Premarital thalassemia screening is reportedly a successful strategy for countries such as Saudi Arabia and Iran and has also been proposed for Bangladesh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of 13-year-old Saudi patient who presented with dysmorphic features as illustrated in Fig.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Our study aims to narrow the gap of knowledge in Saudi Arabia and the Middle Eastern and Northern African (MENA) region about genetic disorders, particularly CNV-associated disorders. We report a Saudi girl with severe motor and cognitive disability, myoclonic epilepsy, deafness, and visual impairment carrying the above-described deletion. CONCLUSION: This report expands on the clinical phenotype associated with proximal 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome, highlighting the potential of genetic research in Saudi Arabia and the MENA region.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Derivation of two iPSC lines (KAIMRCi004-A, KAIMRCi004-B) from a Saudi patient with Biotin-Thiamine-responsive Basal Ganglia Disease (BTBGD) carrying homozygous pathogenic missense variant in the SCL19A3 gene.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Whole exome sequencing enables the correct diagnosis of Frank-Ter Haar syndrome in a Saudi family.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Autosomal Recessive Spastic Paraplegia and Psychomotor Retardation With or Without Seizures: A Case Report From Saudi Arabia. This case report presents the clinical features and genetic analysis of an 11-month-old girl and her sister with SPPRS, making it the third reported case in the Middle East and the second in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “OBJECTIVE: To investigate the structural and functional implications of the TP53: 799C > T, p. (Arg267Trp) missense mutation, initially identified in a Saudi family, and understand its impact on TP53 functionality and related intermolecular interactions.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Alström Syndrome: A Challenging Case Study of a Female Saudi Patient With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Complete Vision Loss. We address the case of a Saudi woman in her 20s. By reporting this mutation, we hope to learn more about the genotypic range of the disease, particularly in the Saudi population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Insights and considerations on CFTR variant reporting in a study of cystic fibrosis patients in Saudi Arabia CFTR 1548del G and 1549del G: Navigating the discovery of novel mutations.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Molecular diagnostic yield of whole-exome sequencing in Saudi autistic children with epilepsy. The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular diagnostic yield in two Saudi families with a single affected offspring with both ASD and epilepsy using whole-exome sequencing (WES).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study delves into the genetic basis of two noteworthy rare diseases in Saudi Arabia: Phenylketonuria (PKU) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Serendipitous Discovery: A Case of Twin Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Clavicle in Saudi Arabia and Literature Review. This is the first CPC twin instance documented in Saudi Arabia, and the fourth overall.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Non-myeloablative allogeneic HSCT in adult patients with sickle cell disease: Multiple take-home points from the Saudi Arabia experience.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 due to a novel homozygous mutation in the VPS13D gene in a Saudi family. This study reports a novel homozygous mutation (c.12494T>C p.Ile4165Thr) in the VPS13D gene in a Saudi female diagnosed with autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 (SCAR4).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE REPORT: We report a 12-year-old Saudi girl who underwent pegvaliase therapy and was closely monitored for one year.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The polymorphisms of candidate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic genes and their pharmacogenetic impacts on the effectiveness of risperidone maintenance therapy among Saudi children with autism.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Parkinsonism-dystonia-2: Case-series study from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Bleeding disorders in Saudi Arabia, causes and prevalence: a review. As bleeding disorders are a worldwide health concern, Saudi Arabia is experiencing a notable prevalence of such disorders. The current review summarizes the major findings of different studies that have been conducted in Saudi Arabia regarding different bleeding disorders. Moreover, rare bleeding disorders such as Glanzmann thrombasthenia and Henoch-Schönlein purpura, have been reported in different regions of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Intraabdominal infections have been reported in tropical and subtropical areas in the Middle East, such as Iran and Saudi Arabia, and in the United States.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study seeks to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of this syndrome within the Saudi Arabian population. Additionally, we conducted an extensive review of existing literature from Saudi population to contextualize our findings within the broader understanding of the disorder in our country. Intriguingly, a review of the literature unveiled six distinct reports documenting a total of 20 Alström syndrome patients within the Saudi Arabian population, each presenting with distinct novel mutations. This investigation reinforces the importance of genetic scrutiny for precise diagnosis and highlights the unique genetic landscape of Alström syndrome within the Saudi Arabian population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Geographical distribution, genetic diversity, and environmental adaptations of dromedary camel breeds in Saudi Arabia. The dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Saudi Arabia exhibits significant genetic diversity, driven by adaptation to diverse ecological niches such as deserts, mountains, and coastal areas.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A total of 40 fish samples of the twobar seabream, Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Sparidae), were collected from January to June 2023 in the Arabian Gulf (Saudi Arabia). Therefore, the isolation of P. lingaoensis, provided herein, represents its first report on a marine sparid fish from Saudi Arabia. Our findings will serve as the basis for any future study on monogeneans in Saudi waters.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Barriers to Blood Donation: Donor Deferrals in a Saudi Hospital Setting. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of genetic disorders, like sickle cell disease and thalassemia, further increase the need for a stable blood supply.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A Saudi Heart Association Position Statement on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus. BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus are prominent public health concerns in Saudi Arabia owing to their increasingly high prevalence and burden. Based on this, the Saudi Heart Association (SHA) set out to develop an official position statement on CVD and diabetes mellitus, with a focus on the prevention and management of these conditions and relevant special populations in the context of Saudi Arabia. Specialized subcommittees reviewed the data and offered context-specific recommendations (taking into account Saudi population characteristics, local healthcare system, available resources and medical expertise), which were later approved by the full expert panel. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and CVD is alarming in the Saudi Arabian population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A nationwide cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia for the assessment of understanding and practices of clinicians towards personalized genetic testing. This nationwide cross-sectional study aimed to measure the perceptions and knowledge of clinicians towards personalized genetic testing and assess their current practices of personalized genetic testing in clinical settings through an online self-administered questionnaire in Saudi Arabia. The study revealed a gap in understanding and implementing personalized genetic testing in Saudi Arabia, with enthusiasm tempered by challenges like insufficient knowledge, lack of guidelines, and practical applications' barriers.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Disease complex associated with begomoviruses infecting squash and cucumber in Saudi Arabia. During the field visits in growing season of 2022 in Dammam Region of Saudi Arabia, begomovirus-like symptoms including leaf curling, leaf cupping, leaf distortion, vein thickening and reduced leaf size were observed in squash and cucumber fields. The lowest identity (87%) was found with a Saudi Arabian isolate isolated from papaya. For ToLCPalV isolate showed the highest identity (100 %) with an already reported isolate of same virus from melon in Saudi Arabia and two isolates isolated from cucumber and cantaloupe in Iran. This is the first investigation of complex viral disease caused by SqLCV, WmCSV and ToLCPalV on the basis of molecular characterization from squash and a SqLCV isolate from Cucumber in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Dental Anomalies in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review. In Saudi Arabia, studies have also reported varied prevalence rates, likely due to genetic differences or sampling variations. This systematic review aims to assess the prevalence and types of dental anomalies across various regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: A comprehensive literature search identified 10 relevant studies on different dental anomalies in Saudi Arabia. This study highlights the varying prevalence of dental anomalies in different regions of Saudi Arabia, ranging from 2.6% to 45.1%. CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the need for early diagnosis and tailored treatment approaches to mitigate the clinical challenges posed by these anomalies, underscoring the importance of standardized diagnostic criteria and further research to understand regional and demographic differences in the prevalence of dental anomalies in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Exploring somatic mutations in BRAF, KRAS, and NRAS as therapeutic targets in Saudi colorectal cancer patients through massive parallel sequencing and variant classification. This study evaluates the prevalence and frequency of somatic mutations in these actionable genes in Saudi CRC patients and assesses their pathogenicity with bioinformatics methods. CONCLUSION: Overall, this study highlights the importance of comprehensive molecular screening and bioinformatics in understanding the mutational landscape of CRC in the Saudi population, ultimately improving targeted drug treatments.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Colon cancer (CC) in Saudi Arabia is associated with a high death rate and is commonly identified at a more progressive stage. METHODS: MAGE-C1, MAGE-C2, and MAGE-C3 family gene expression levels were examined using RT-PCR and qRT-PCR assays in 26 adjacent normal colon (NC) and CC tissue samples from male and female Saudi patients.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old single Saudi male with LMS developed psychiatric symptoms, including social isolation and reduced family interaction since childhood, which worsened over the past two years as his vision deteriorated.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “The dissemination of multidrug-resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae clones across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), with its diverse population and high tourism traffic, serves as a platform where the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains are facilitated.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Comprehensive Genome Analysis of Colistin-Only-Sensitive KPC-2 and NDM1-1-Coproducing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 and Acinetobacter baumannii ST2 From a Critically Ill Patient With COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) of K. pneumoniae ST11 and A. baumannii ST2. This study documents the first known case of coinfection with two extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacterial isolates in a critically ill patient with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Genomic analysis of 61 isolates was performed, including E. faecalis isolates recovered from HBM in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to analyze the prevalence of MRSA in Saudi Arabia and look into its resistance to various antibiotics. This analysis highlights the significant prevalence of MRSA in Saudi clinical settings, as well as the complexities of its resistance profiles.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study aimed to investigate a synergistic amendment strategy for drought using the single and combined application of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) (Trichoderma harzianum) and biogenic silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) from rice husk ash (RHA) on Saudi Arabia's Spring wheat Summit cultivar (Triticum aestivum L.) for 102 DAS (days after sowing). These findings could be insightful data for wheat production in Saudi Arabia under various water regimes.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “BACKGROUND: Migraine is highly prevalent among medical students but has been understudied in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “We report a case of a two-year-old Saudi boy with persistent anemia, recurrent chest infections, and a subgaleal abscess.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Participating countries, including Pakistan, Oman, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, reported increased HSCT in the last few years, whereas others from the EMRO and beyond, including Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Nepal, and Bangladesh, started HSCT recently and have developed HSCT programs with excellent results.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “CONCLUSION: Only 4% of Saudi patients with T1D carry DQ-genotypes at no risk to develop CD, which supports the European guidelines that recommend celiac serology test as the most cost-effective screening method.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This retrospective study investigated the association between JAK2 mutations and venous thrombosis at unusual sites, and in young individuals with ischemic stroke, residing at high altitudes in the Aseer region, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus, vaccine acceptability and cervical cancer among college students in Saudi Arabia. Given the rising global incidence of cervical cancer, understanding the factors influencing awareness and knowledge among young adults in Saudi Arabia is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. This study investigates the levels of awareness, knowledge, and vaccine acceptability regarding HPV and cervical cancer among college students in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and September 2023 among 442 students in Saudi Arabia using a structured questionnaire to assess their knowledge and awareness of HPV, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer. The study highlights a significant gap in knowledge and awareness regarding HPV, its vaccine, and cervical cancer among college students in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Prevalence and correlates of mental disorders among women: results from the Saudi National Mental Health Survey. However, most global mental health research is sex neutral, including in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study, therefore, estimated the prevalence of mental disorders and investigated the sociodemographic correlates, sex disadvantage factors, and treatment-seeking in Saudi women concerning lifetime and 12-month mental disorders. METHOD: The Saudi National Mental Health Survey is a stratified multistage clustered area probability design. RESULTS: Overall, 24.7% and 35.9% of Saudi women experienced at least one of the disorders in the prior 12 months and at least once in their lifetime, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study confirms that mental health issues, particularly anxiety and mood disorders, are highly prevalent among Saudi women, influenced by chronic conditions and sex-related factors like domestic violence and polygamy.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Left Middle Phalanx Tuberculous Dactylitis Masquerading as a Tumor: First Case Report in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Overall, only few cases with similar genetic mutation have been documented in the literature and were of Saudi origin.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “This study aims to analyze and evaluate the variability of fungal and bacterial microbiota identified in the most popular date palm fruits in Saudi Arabia. The study assessed ten date variety fruits from the most popular date palm varieties for consumption in Saudi Arabia and analyzed the microbial count.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Molecular Basis of Antimicrobial Resistance in Group B Streptococcus Clinical Isolates from Saudi Arabia. Published data on the molecular mechanisms underlying antimicrobial resistance in Group B Streptococcus (GBS) isolates from Saudi Arabia are lacking.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Three participants for this study were recruited and gave consent to a hospital in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “MERS-CoV has spread unchecked since it was first discovered in Saudi Arabia in 2012.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Left Ventricular Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy: A Report of a Rare Case From Saudi Arabia. We present a rare case of a 57-year-old Saudi male who presented to the ER with chest pain and dyspnea.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Treatment Differences for Splenic Flexure Cancers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. This study determined the treatment preferences of colorectal surgeons in Saudi Arabia. Emails and phone numbers of members of the Saudi Society of Colorectal Surgery (SSCRS) were gathered. The frequency of performing SC, STC, and LHC in France was 70%, 13%, and 17%, respectively, compared to 36.2%, 32.8%, and 31% in Saudi Arabia, with a p-value of 0.001. The surgeons' preferred approaches to managing SFCs utilizing laparoscopic, open, or hand-aided in France versus Saudi Arabia were 63%, 31%, and 11%, respectively, compared to 84.5%, 8.6%, and 6.9%, with a p-value of 0.001. Conclusion A significant disparity exists regarding the treatment of SFCs between colorectal surgeons in France and Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, there is a lack of consensus among colorectal surgeons in Saudi Arabia regarding the surgical management of SFCs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Saudi Arabia: a review of the current literature. In Saudi Arabia, it is unclear whether health services and research efforts are keeping pace with global achievements. Therefore, this review aims to explore the diagnostic and management strategies and research efforts in Saudi Arabia over the past three decades.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Therefore, the primary purposes of the present research were to assess the expression of MAGE-A, -B, and -C genes in Saudi female patients with BC and determine their regulation via the epigenetic mechanism.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Molecular Background of RhD-positive and RhD-negative Phenotypes in a Saudi Population. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to gain insights into the molecular basis of RhD-positive and RhD-negative phenotypes in Saudi donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional serological tests were used to determine the Rh phenotypes in 136 Saudi donors by typing D, C, c, E, and e antigens. However, a more comprehensive analysis of variant RHD alleles in the Saudi population is required to implement effective and dedicated molecular RHD typing strategies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Morphological and genetic identification of the gill monogenean parasite (Diclidophora merlangi) that infects Twobar Seabream Fish (Acanthopagrus bifasciatus) in the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. This study identified monogenean parasites in the twobar seabream, Acanthopagrus bifasciatus (Sparidae), inhabited the Arabian Gulf (Saudi Arabia).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “METHODS: We describe a Saudi proband presenting a complex recessive neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Pediatric thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia: a literature review of current trends in management and outcomes. This review aims to examine the current trends in the management and outcomes of pediatric thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies on pediatric thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia. KEY CONTENT AND FINDINGS: The literature search identified ten eligible studies on pediatric thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia. Pediatric thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia often presents with advanced features, including higher rates of lymph nodes and distant metastases at diagnosis compared to adults. Limited data on management and outcomes in other regions of Saudi Arabia calls for multicenter studies to address healthcare disparities. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric thyroid cancer in Saudi Arabia has unique characteristics compared to its adult counterpart, mandating specialized management approaches.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “A total of Forty-two Actinobacteria isolates from four Saudi soil samples were grown with and without sub-lethal concentration of Ag-NPs (50 µg ml-1).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia | “Morphological and molecular characterization of Eimeria magna infecting local rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Alkarg City, Saudi Arabia. The study aimed to more reliably identify Eimeria species (Eimeria magna) infecting Local Rabbits in Alkarg City, Saudi Arabia, based the method on the molecular properties and morphological and molecular biological techniques. It is possible to draw the conclusion that the current research supplies relevant facts that help assess the potential infection and future control measures against rabbit coccidiosis to reduce the financial losses that can be incurred by the rabbit industry in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |