Riyadh
Saudi Arabia · 267 retained evidence mentions
Source-grounded findings
Supporting evidence
| Type | Entity | Source evidence | Confidence | Extractor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Utility of Non-Invasive Prenatal Test (NIPT) as a Screening Tool for Fetal Aneuploidy in a Family Medicine Setting in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to determine the utility of Non-Invasive Prenatal Test (NIPT) in detecting chromosomal aneuploidy among high-risk Saudi pregnant women. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study examined the charts of all pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinics of the Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 2012 to July 2022, and underwent NIPT testing. CONCLUSION: The study's finding is a powerful clinical message that strengthens confidence in positive NIPT results at similar referral centers and provides a strong local evidence base for counseling high-risk Saudi women about the implications of positive NIPT results.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Young Healthy Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Pilot Study of Preliminary CIMT Measurements and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Using a Handheld Ultrasound Device. In Saudi Arabia (SA), population-specific CIMT data for young adults are lacking. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study establishes preliminary single-institution CIMT data for young healthy medical students at a single university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Latent autoimmune diabetes in Saudi adults aged 30-55 years old seen at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: In this Saudi population, the prevalence of glycemic control in LADA patients is low.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Background/Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of ophthalmologists in Saudi Arabia towards genomic medicine and genetic testing, in light of the growing significance of genomics in ophthalmology and the national transition towards precision medicine. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among ophthalmologists, including consultants, specialists, fellows, and residents, across Saudi Arabia. Most were consultants (40%) and practiced in Riyadh (52%). Conclusions: Ophthalmologists in Saudi Arabia acknowledge the importance of genetics.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genotyping-by-sequencing -based genome-wide SNP profiling and DNA fingerprinting of Saudi Arabian faba bean germplasm. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important food legume in Saudi Arabia, but its conserved germplasm has remained largely uncharacterized. This study presents the first genome-wide SNP-based assessment of 21 faba bean accessions conserved at the Seed Center and PGR Bank, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture (MEWA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Several accessions showed close genetic relationships or redundancy, while Saudi landraces displayed broad genetic diversity. Accessions F2 (Egypt) and F4 (Saudi Arabia) shared identical SNP profiles, suggesting potential synonymy, while F15 showed the highest allelic diversity. Several Saudi landraces (F1, F3, F6, F7, F8, F12, F13) also displayed notable genetic variation, highlighting both redundancy and unique diversity within the collection. CONCLUSIONS: This work highlights the first SNP-based DNA fingerprinting platform for faba bean accessions in Saudi Arabia, providing a valuable genomic resource for germplasm authentication, distinctness-uniformity-stability testing, varietal protection, and strategic conservation.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Epidemiology, clinical and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus argenteus isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. To date, data on its prevalence and genomic characteristics in Saudi Arabia have not been investigated. Phylogenetic analysis revealed high genetic diversity among the Saudi isolates, while still forming a distinct cluster within the global ST2250 population. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first genomic insight into S. argenteus in Saudi Arabia and establishes a baseline for future surveillance to better define its regional epidemiology and clinical relevance.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Detection of Toxin Genes and Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Associated With Respiratory Tract Infections in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Advancing Pediatric Cancer Care in Asia: Outcomes From the 17th Annual SIOP Asia Congress, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The 17th Annual Congress of the Asian Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP Asia) was held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from April 12 to 15, 2025, marking its first hosting in the Kingdom. Organized in collaboration with the Saudi Pediatric Hematology Oncology Society and global partners, the congress convened over 500 delegates from 45 countries under the theme "Stronger Together." The scientific program featured nearly 70 invited speakers across five tracks: hematologic malignancies, solid tumors, neuro-oncology, precision medicine, and survivorship alongside multidisciplinary sessions in surgery, radiation oncology, nursing, and pharmacy. The Riyadh congress reaffirmed that survival disparities in Asia are driven by addressable inequities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genomic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of HA and NA Genes of Influenza B Virus in Riyadh (2024-2025): Implications for Vaccine Strain Match. Although considerable research on IBV epidemiology exists globally, understanding of its genetic behavior in Saudi Arabia remains limited. This study characterized the molecular epidemiology of IBV in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the 2024-2025 influenza season and evaluated compatibility with the current vaccine strain. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal samples (n = 363) were collected from individuals presenting with influenza-like illness at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh. Importantly, the N-glycosylation site at position 169 (NKT), which was present in B/Riyadh/1/2010, has been lost in the IBV strains circulating during 2020-2025. CONCLUSIONS: While phylogenetic clade compatibility indicates potential vaccine efficacy, the identified amino acid variations and loss of the glycosylation site underscore the necessity for ongoing molecular surveillance to monitor antigenic changes and evaluate vaccine effectiveness within the Saudi Arabian population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Isolation and genomic characterization of selective lytic Pseudomonas phage Amjad_SA from a desert urban pond in Riyadh. METHODS: We isolated and characterized Pseudomonas phage Amjad_SA, a lytic bacteriophage infecting a Pseudomonas isolate provisionally assigned to the Pseudomonas alcaligenes group (isolate 4L), recovered from an urban artificial pond in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Resistance, Virulence, and Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Causing Bloodstream Infections in Saudi Arabia. A total of 74 non-duplicate CRKP isolates were collected from bloodstream infections at three tertiary-care hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2022 and 2024.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genetic characterization of influenza A (A/H3N2) viruses reveals antigenic drift in receptor binding domain and possible vaccine mismatch in strains circulating in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2024-2025. This study characterized the molecular epidemiology of A/H3N2 viruses circulating in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the winter season of 2024-2025 and assessed their compatibility with current vaccine strains. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal samples (NPAs) (n=363) were collected from patients presenting with influenza-like illness at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh. CONCLUSIONS: While phylogenetic clade compatibility suggests potential vaccine effectiveness, the observed amino acid differences highlight the importance of continued molecular surveillance to monitor antigenic drift and assess vaccine performance in the Saudi Arabian population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular Identification and Pathogenicity of Novel Tomato Root Rot Fungi, With Insights Into Cultivar Resistance in Saudi Arabia. Increasing incidences of root rot and wilt have been observed in tomato nurseries and greenhouses in the Qassim and Riyadh regions of Saudi Arabia. Notably, E. multirostrata and P. thomasii were recorded for the first time as tomato root pathogens in Saudi Arabia. These results emphasize the novelty of detecting two previously unreported pathogens in Saudi Arabia and demonstrate the practical relevance of identifying resistant cultivars for field application.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genomic and epidemiological insights into the emergence and dominance of MRSA clones in Riyadh's healthcare facilities. The observed clonal shift from ST239 to ST5 and ST6 signals a dynamic MRSA landscape in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the need for integrated molecular epidemiology and targeted infection control strategies.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genetic variation and vaccine match of influenza B virus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during three consecutive seasons, 2020-2023. In Saudi Arabia, where millions from different countries converge on the holy sites of Makkah and Madina, surveillance of respiratory viruses, especially influenza viruses, is of utmost importance. While IBV epidemiology has been studied extensively around the world, little is known about its genetic dynamics in Saudi Arabia. The current study aims to investigate the genetic evolution, antigenic diversity, and potential vaccine mismatches of IBV in Riyadh throughout the 2020-2023 epidemic season. Increased O-glycosylation in Riyadh isolates indicates improved immune evasion. The phylogenetic analysis reveals that all Riyadh isolates (n = 20) belong to the B/Victoria lineage. IBV in Riyadh shows high genetic drift and antigenic diversity, which may limit vaccine effectiveness.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Mycobacterium riyadhense Pulmonary Disease after Relocation from Saudi Arabia, Japan. We report a case of Mycobacterium riyadhense pulmonary disease in a patient who relocated from Saudi Arabia to Japan. Epidemiologic data and whole-genome analyses of the isolated strains suggested that the infection might have been acquired in Saudi Arabia and persisted, rather than a recent local acquisition in Japan.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Perinatal outcomes among pregnant women with cardiac disease at tertiary care hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Perceptions of Saudi parents of students with autism toward the responsibilities of transition plan members in implementing transition plans. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates how Saudi parents of children with autism perceive the roles and responsibilities of school staff and families in implementing transition plans. A total of 469 parents of students with autism from the Riyadh (n = 243) and Makkah (n = 226) regions completed a structured survey.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Saudi teachers 'knowledge and implementation of transitional skills and transition planning for students with autism spectrum disorder in Saudi Arabia. The study population was male and female teachers who work with students with ASD in Riyadh. The number of participants that completed the survey was 187 teachers out of a population of 311 in Riyadh province of KSA, 101 females, and 86 males.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Mpox in HIV-positive patients: A retrospective case series from Saudi Arabia highlighting clinical characteristics and outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective descriptive case series at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: This case series describes the clinical spectrum of mpox among PLHIV in Saudi Arabia and demonstrates substantial variability in disease severity according to immune status.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Transfusion-transmitted infections among blood donors in Saudi Arabia: demographic and malaria risk differences by donation purpose. This study aimed to assess the demographic characteristics and transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) profiles of family replacement and voluntary blood donors in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using records from 49,590 blood donors at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Family replacement donation was more common among younger donors, males, and non-Saudi nationals. The higher malaria prevalence among family replacement donors was particularly evident among non-Saudi donors, and regression analysis confirmed that nationality modified the association between donation type and malaria positivity. CONCLUSION: While rates of major viral TTIs were comparable between donor types, malaria risk was significantly higher among family replacement donors, especially among non-Saudi donors. These findings highlight the importance of continued malaria screening and donor selection strategies to maintain safe blood transfusion practices in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The Distribution of Kell Blood Group Antigens and Phenotypes (K and K) Among Saudi Blood Donors of King Abdulaziz Medical City - Western Region: A Cross-Sectional Study. This study aims to assess the prevalence of K (KEL1) and k (KEL2) antigens, along with their associated phenotypes, among Saudi blood donors at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, and to compare findings with regional data in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 19,769 Saudi blood donors at KAMC-Jeddah. Antigen and phenotype frequencies were calculated and compared with published Saudi studies. Statistical analysis was performed to assess differences in antigen and phenotype prevalence between Saudi populations. Comparative analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences in K antigen prevalence between the current cohort and donor populations from Central (KAMC-Riyadh) and Southwestern (Jazan) regions, whereas no notable variations were observed when compared with Makkah and Jeddah within the Western region. Notably, this study represents one of the largest cohorts reported in Saudi Arabia and identifies a rare K-k- phenotype within the donor population. CONCLUSION: This study provides a comprehensive assessment of Kell antigen and phenotypic distribution among Saudi blood donors.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Environmental drivers of date fruit unripening syndrome in dryland regions of Saudi Arabia. With the highest incidence in Al-Ahsa (20-30%), followed by Riyadh (10-15%) and Al-Qassim (5-10%), DFUS significantly reduces fruit quality and yield, threatening farmers' livelihoods and the socio-economic stability of date palm-dependent communities. This pioneering study investigated the impact of environmental factors-temperature, relative humidity, solar UV index, heat units, and irradiance-on date palm fruit ripening in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, from 2019 to 2024, employing ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05) and Duncan's Multiple Range Test for robust statistical analysis.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “SETTING: Academic cardiac surgical unit of King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh (Saudi Arabia).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: The observational study was conducted at the College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from January 12 to April 28, 2022, and comprised women patients with thyroid eye disease in group A, women patients with diabetes in group B, and healthy controls in group C.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: Resin of C. myrrha was collected from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, authenticated, and extracted with 70% methanol to prepare a crude extract (MyE).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Uropathogens in a Tertiary Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A One-Year Retrospective Analysis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of uropathogens, assess antimicrobial resistance patterns, and evaluate the burden of ESBL-producing organisms among patients presenting with suspected UTIs in a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 19,556 urine cultures from a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January and December 2024.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular Surveillance Reveals F-Gene Mutations and Constrained G-Gene Evolution in Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Implications for Vaccine Efficacy in Saudi Arabia. This study examined HRSV molecular epidemiology and evolution in Riyadh, focusing on mutations in the attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins and their potential impact on vaccine efficacy.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Evolution and Vaccine Strain Match of HA and NA Genes of Influenza A/H3N2 Subtype in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2020-2023. Background/Objectives: Although several studies have shed light on the epidemiology of the influenza A/H3N2 subtype in Saudi Arabia, the knowledge regarding the molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of the A/H3N2 subtype in the Riyadh region is still significantly restricted. Thus, the current research intends to investigate the molecular epidemiology and circulation patterns of the influenza A/H3N2 subtype in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, over the past 9 years. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the majority of Riyadh A/H3N2 samples were categorized into the sub-clades 3c.2a1b.1a and 3c.2a1b.1b, which did not exhibit any exclusive clustering with the vaccine strains. The HA protein from the Riyadh samples has 8-11 N-glycosylation sites, some of which have been recorded in vaccine strains, yet are lacking in all strains analyzed in this study. Conclusions: As a result, the flu vaccines administered in Saudi Arabia might need to be reevaluated to incorporate additional vaccine strains that are more pertinent to those currently circulating in the recent epidemic seasons in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of human metapneumovirus among hospitalized children in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 era. As the COVID-19 pandemic may have altered the circulation and molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses, this study represents one of the first efforts to assess the genetic diversity and circulation patterns of HMPV in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 era. METHODS: A total of 216 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from hospitalized children with suspected respiratory infections in Riyadh during the COVID-19 pandemic. Notably, genotype A2.2.2 was identified for the first time in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East region. CONCLUSION: This study provides the first molecular characterization of HMPV in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genetic Divergence of H1N1pdm09 in Saudi Arabia: Unveiling a Novel N-Glycosylation Site and Its Role in Vaccine Mismatch. Saudi Arabia faces unique epidemiological challenges owing to mass gatherings during religious pilgrimages and the dynamic movement of foreign workers. This study aimed to characterize the genetic diversity of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of influenza A viruses circulating in Riyadh and to assess their match with vaccine strains during the 2024-2025 period. In comparison with the vaccine strain A/Wisconsin/67/2022, seven amino acid substitutions in the HA gene and eight in the NA gene were recorded in Saudi circulating strains. Continuous surveillance programs along with vaccination plans are necessary to tackle the changing influenza A virus strains in the special epidemiological context of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “High-resolution genomic and molecular characterization of vancomycin-resistant enterococci from hospitalized patients in a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, limited genomic data exist to support phenotypic surveillance findings, impeding the understanding of resistance mechanisms, clonal diversity, and plasmid dynamics. To investigate the genomic and phenotypic characteristics of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium and E. faecalis clinical isolates from a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to assess antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence factors, sequence types, and plasmid replicons. This is the most comprehensive genomic study of VRE from Saudi Arabia to date.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Equal Prevalence of Genotypes ON1 and BA of Human Orthopneumovirus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in 2022. The samples were collected from a hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during winter 2022. This is the first report to characterize orthopneumovirus strains from Saudi Arabia using a recently reported method.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Detection of Integrons in Escherichia coli Associated With Urinary Tract Infections in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Seroprevalence and regional risk assessment of bluetongue virus among livestock in Central Saudi Arabia. The virus is endemic in many regions, yet limited data are available for Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of BTV antibodies in cattle, goats, sheep, and camels across two ecologically distinct regions in central Saudi Arabia and to assess species- and region-specific risk profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,194 serum samples were collected from apparently healthy livestock (280 cattle, 159 camels, 429 sheep, and 326 goats) in Riyadh and Al-Qassim between October 2023 and March 2024. In Riyadh, cattle (55.7%) and goats (55%) showed the highest rates, while in Al-Qassim, goats (65.7%) were most affected. CONCLUSION: BTV is endemic in central Saudi Arabia, with substantial species and regional variability.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Cervical cancer risk and high-risk HPV types distribution in Saudi Arabia: Trends from a national laboratory-based study. OBJECTIVES: To examine the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes, regional trends, and cytological abnormalities in Saudi Arabia. Jeddah (33.7%) and Riyadh (32.25%) had the highest HPV positivity rates. CONCLUSION: This study reveals significant age and regional disparities in HPV prevalence in Saudi Arabia, with a predominance of non-16/18 genotypes.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence and genotypes' distribution of human papillomavirus among women in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Despite its significance, studies in Saudi Arabia report inconsistent findings regarding HPV prevalence and risk factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV among women in Saudi Arabia. Studies reporting HPV prevalence among women in Saudi Arabia, regardless of nationality or health status, were included. Subgroup analysis by region showed a higher prevalence in Riyadh (19.1, 95% CI: 13.1-25%) compared to the Western region (6.1, 95% CI: 3.7-8.4%). CONCLUSION: HPV prevalence in Saudi Arabia is comparable to global figures, though significant geographic variability exists.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year-old male patient was referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with a nonhealing proliferative growth in the anterior maxilla for two months.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Using fresh tilapia fish samples collected from Riyadh market in Saudi Arabia, this study attempted to phenotypically detect V. vulnificus using specific media, such as thiosulphate citrate bile salt sucrose agar, CHROMagar™ Vibrio, and cellobiose polymyxin colistin agar, while Api 20NE was employed.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Systematic review of the reporting of extrarenal manifestations in observational studies of Saudi patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. BACKGROUND: SLE is prevalent in Saudi Arabia, with numerous studies focusing on SLE in adult patients. This study aims to assess the variability in the prevalence rates of extrarenal manifestations of SLE across different cities in Saudi Arabia and to emphasise the need for a national registry to better understand the overall disease burden in the region. Only observational or experimental studies focusing on extrarenal manifestations in adult patients with SLE in Saudi Arabia were included. Riyadh showed the highest number of publications over time. CONCLUSION: This study explores the prevalence of extrarenal manifestations of SLE among adult Saudi patients, highlighting significant regional variability in musculoskeletal, dermatological, cardiovascular and neurological symptoms.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of human respiratory syncytial virus type B in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data regarding HRSV-B evolution and genetic diversity in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, are very limited. N-linked glycosylation sites in Riyadh strains were 3, whereas O-linked glycosylation sites ranged from 22 to 32. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Riyadh strains from the seasons 2019/20 and 2022/23 are grouped into the subclade BA-11. Other Riyadh strains from different previous seasons were clustered into different sub-genotypes (BA-9, -10, and -12).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Investigating the molecular mechanisms of deltamethrin resistance in Musca domestica populations from Saudi Arabia. METHODS: In this study, we assessed the resistance levels of M. domestica populations collected from slaughterhouses in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Taif, Saudi Arabia, against the PYR insecticide deltamethrin (DM). RESULTS: The house fly field populations showed very high levels of resistance to DM, with resistance ratio (RR) values of 625-, 256-, and 107-fold for Jeddah, Taif, and Riyadh, respectively. Three VSSC resistance alleles, kdr (T929 + 1014F), kdr-his (T929 + 1014H), and 1B (929I + 1014F), along with the susceptible allele (T929 + L1014) were identified in the Saudi house fly populations. The super-kdr allele (918 T + 1014F) and type N (D600N + M918T + L1014F) were not detected in Saudi house fly populations. The resistance CYP6D1v1 allele of P450 was detected in slaughterhouse house fly populations of Riyadh, Jeddah, and Taif, with frequencies of 71%, 58%, and 60%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the Saudi house fly populations exhibited high genetic diversity, with three VSSC resistance alleles identified in slaughterhouse populations. The Vssc mutations appear to be the principal mechanism of DM resistance in Saudi house fly field populations. This study is the first report on the Vssc and CYP6D1 mutations associated with PYR resistance in M. domestica field populations from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular characterization of putative antibiotic resistance determinant and virulence factors genes of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from intensive care unit patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Hence, the present study aimed to screen antibiotic resistance and virulence factors genes in 67 A. baumannii strains isolated from patients admitted to several hospitals in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Knockdown-resistant mutations in head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) collected from schoolchildren in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of pyrethroid-resistant mutations in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Severe Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease: Outcome and long-term complications, Saudi experience at King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: We wanted to assess the outcome and long-term complications observed in children undergoing HSCT at a single transplant center in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Effect of Chronic Pediatric Heart Conditions on Family Dynamics in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Understanding how healthcare systems and family structures differ in Saudi Arabia helps us improve support systems since they directly affect families. METHODS: Between February and March 2025, a cross-sectional survey was conducted at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: In Saudi Arabia, chronic childhood cardiac problems greatly affect family dynamics and provide major emotional, financial, and social difficulties.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study involved adult PWE at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from April to July 2023.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A qualitative study on the effectiveness of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for children with autism Spectrum disorder in Saudi Arabia. This qualitative study explored the implementation of Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBIs) as an early intervention strategy for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia, drawing on the perspectives of certified Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) specialists. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with five licensed practitioners, four based in Riyadh and one in Jeddah, who hold credentials from the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Neurologists' insights and practices on generic antiepileptic medications in epilepsy management: A Saudi Arabian perspective. METHODS: This questionnaire based cross-sectional study was performed in the Department of Medicine (Neurology Division), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from July 2022 to July 2024.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Healthcare providers' attitudes toward individuals with intellectual disabilities: Implications for education and practice in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: Data were gathered from 284 healthcare service providers, such as doctors, nurses, and other staff, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Epilepsy-related mortality: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to investigate epilepsy-related deaths in PWE in a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: PWE who expired in the period from 2016 to 2020 at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were included.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Methods: This retrospective cohort research was conducted on patients who underwent craniotomy operation for any indication from January 01, 2011 to December 31, 2020 in the neuroscience center at King Fahad Medical City (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) to determine risk factors for SSIs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Maternal knowledge of pediatric first aid in Riyadh: Addressing gaps for improved child safety and women's health outcomes. In Saudi Arabia, despite high educational attainment, maternal preparedness for pediatric first aid remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate maternal knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning pediatric first aid in Riyadh, with a focus on identifying key gaps and informing interventions in line with Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030. This descriptive cross-sectional study surveyed 385 mothers residing in Riyadh between May and September 2023. These findings highlight the urgent need for structured first aid training programs tailored to mothers in Riyadh. Incorporating first aid education into Saudi Arabia's public health initiatives, particularly Vision 2030, could significantly improve maternal preparedness and enhance child safety.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Evaluating Saudi Parental Interagency on Collaborative Initiatives for Successful Post-Secondary Transition of Students with Intellectual Disabilities. This study, conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, focuses on assessing the level of collaboration from the perspective of parents of students with intellectual disabilities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Saudi teachers 'knowledge and implementation of evidence-based practices to improve students with autism' social skills. The study population encompassed male and female high school educators who work with students with ASD in Riyadh. Considering the small population size, the number of participants that completed the survey was 183 teachers out of a population of 311 in Riyadh province of KSA, 86 females, and 97 males. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that teachers of students with ASD in Riyadh implement EBPs to teach social skills among students with ASD. The knowledge of teachers of students with ASD of EBPs is higher than their implementation, implying that teachers need to implement EBP practices more in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: A case-control study conducted at King Saud University Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in collaboration with the Otolaryngology and Audiology departments from June 2021 to December 2023.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Analysis of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in Saudi children from a tertiary care hospital perspective. We present a case series of six children who were infected with different species of Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and Mycobacterium riyadhense was the most prevalent isolate representing 50% of the total pathogens. Four of the reported cases were immunocompromised with disseminated NTM diseases and two were infected with M. avium, M. abscessus, and the other two infected with M. riyadhense. We highlighted our experience in diagnosing and treating these patients, with special attention to M. riyadhense.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Awareness regarding common eye diseases among university students at a public university in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. Misunderstandings regarding distinct blinding eye disorders have been examined in Arab nations, particularly Saudi Arabia; individuals should be informed of them and encouraged to seek available eye care facilities and increase awareness of the condition. Therefore, this study sought to assess public awareness of common ocular diseases such as glaucoma cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and dry eye among university students at a public university in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. The survey was distributed to participants from a public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Detection of Antibiotic-Resistant Airborne Bacteria in Restaurant Environments in Riyadh City. In this study, our aim was to detect the presence of potential foodborne pathogenic bacteria-Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and aerobic bacteria-in aerosols of different restaurants zones in Riyadh city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Clinical Epidemiology and Phenotypic Characteristics of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Disease in the Central Region of Saudi Arabia: Findings from a Cross-Sectional. This study aimed to explore the clinical epidemiology and phenotypic characteristics of HS in the central region of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on HS patients at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) in Riyadh from December 2020 to December 2021. RESULTS: Of the patients, 54.8% were aged 15-30 years, 57.04% were female, and 95.56% were Saudi. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, HS primarily affects young, unmarried Saudi female patients, many of whom are smokers and have comorbid conditions such as asthma and skin disorders.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 NICU nurses working in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: This was a retrospective review of patients who were actively prescribed lomitapide at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2019 to 2022.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Challenging behaviour and its correlates in preschool-aged children with an intellectual disability in Saudi Arabia. The aim of the current study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of CB in preschool-aged children with an intellectual disability in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Findings have implications for the importance of early systematic screening of CB in preschool-aged children in Saudi Arabia and other similar contexts.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Morphological and molecular identification of Eimeria rajasthani (coccidia: Eimeriidae) in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, scare literature focused on the coprological investigation of dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). To determine the taxonomic status of camel parasite species, we performed morphological characterization of oocysts and genetic analysis (18S rRNA and ITS-1 gene regions) of Eimeria species collected from camels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Primary care physicians' knowledge and attitudes about obesity, adherence to treatment guidelines and its' association with confidence to treat obesity at the Saudi Ministry of Interior primary health care centers. METHODS: We conducted this cross-sectional study and conducted a questionnaire sent via email to all PCPs in the Ministry of Interior centers in Riyadh, Al-Kharj, AlQassim, Wadi Ad Dawasir, Hail and Tabuk in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Mitochondrial DNA sequence-based identification of two subterranean termite species, from Riyadh Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In the present study, hundreds of termite samples from 42 different locations in the Riyadh province were collected.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular characterization of plant growth-promoting Trichoderma from Saudi Arabia. We isolated, identified, and characterized Trichoderma from different regions of Saudi Arabia and evaluated the ability of Trichoderma to promote plant growth. Morphological and molecular characterization, along with phylogenetic studies, were utilized to differentiate between Trichoderma species isolated from soil samples in the Abha and Riyadh regions, Saudi Arabia. Eight Trichoderma isolates were characterized via morphological and molecular analysis; six (Trichoderma koningiopsis, Trichoderma lixii, Trichoderma koningii, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma brevicompactum, and Trichoderma velutinum) were from Abha and two (T. lixii and T. harzianum) were from Riyadh. The Abha region had a higher diversity of Trichoderma species than the Riyadh region, and most isolated Trichoderma spp. promoted tomato growth.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Detection and occurrence of genetically modified rice and potato in the Saudi food market. It is still unclear whether genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are present in the food market of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia due to a lack of scientific studies. This work was planned to detect GM rice and GM potatoes in the Saudi food market. One hundred non-labeled rice and rice product samples and 50 potato and potato samples were collected randomly from different market sites of Makkah, Riyadh and Jeddah during 2022-2023. It could be concluded that there were GM rice and potatoes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's food markets. Establishing strong regulations and certified laboratories to monitor genetically modified foods (GMF) or crops in the Saudi market is recommended.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Exploring the incidence and characteristics of urolithiasis in the central region of Saudi Arabia: Insights from a prominent medical center. The prevalence of urolithiasis in Saudi Arabia has significantly increased in recent decades, and the study aims to determine the current prevalence and composition trends of urolithiasis, guide treatment and prevention strategies, as well as understand predictors of occurrence and recurrence. The study was conducted in the Department of Surgery and the Division of Urology at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Assessing the Learning Environment Perception Among Medical Students at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To assess the perception of medical students at Alfaisal University College of Medicine (AUCOM) of their learning environment at a referral-based tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Screening for Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Bacteria and the Presence of Heavy Metals in the Upstream and Downstream Areas of the Wadi Hanifah Valley in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to investigate the presence of heavy metals and bacterial ARGs in upstream as well as downstream locations of Wadi Hanifah Valley in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In conclusion, this study offers a concise overview of the presence of heavy metals and ARGs in water samples obtained from the Wadi Hanifah Valley in Riyadh, KSA.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A cohort of 54 couples undergoing fertility treatment were recruited at the assisted reproductive technology laboratory at the King Faisal Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “After consultation with the primary physician regarding treatment modalities and options, the patient completed her comprehensive dental treatment at the Dental Department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Twenty-five faecal samples were collected from the broiler chickens in a commercial poultry farm in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genetic analysis of human parainfluenza type 2 virus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The extensive mass gathering of pilgrims from all over the world, as well as the constant flow of foreign workers via country entry crossings, raises the likelihood of respiratory virus outbreaks spreading and evolving in Saudi Arabia. Here, we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the human parainfluenza type-2 (HPIV-2) in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) collected from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2020/21 to 2021/22 seasons. Only eight conserved N-glycosylation sites were found at amino acids 6(NLS), 286(NTT), 335(NIT), 388(NNS), 498(NES), 504(NPT), 517(NTT), and 539(NGT) in four Riyadh isolates. Further research with a larger sample size covering numerous regions of Saudi Arabia throughout different epidemic seasons is needed to achieve an improved knowledge of HPIV-2 circulation.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Factors Influencing Blood Donation among Young Saudi Arabian Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study to Inform Donor Recruitment and Retention Programs. OBJECTIVE: Blood donation is critical in Saudi Arabia due to high rates of sickle cell disease and thalassemia. This study aims to identify factors that influence blood donation decisions and behaviors among young Saudi Arabian adults to develop strategies to enhance donation rates. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 407 university students in Riyadh Province (Shaqra, Riyadh City, Al-Majmaah and Al-Duwadimi) and occurred from December 2022 to May 2023, using convenience sampling. Strategies focusing on these aspects could improve the donor pool and ensure a stable blood supply for patients with blood disorders in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The study was conducted at The Autism Center of Excellence, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Assessment of knowledge towards first aid skills of epilepsy among undergraduate health students in Riyadh province of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between May 16 and 31, 2023, with 493 undergraduate health students of Riyadh Province who answered online surveys.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires were sent to 300 male and female teachers of students with intellectual disabilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The Prevalence of Depression in Patients With Epilepsy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Studies about epilepsy and depression in Saudi Arabia are scarce, and no study has been conducted on this topic at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC); hence, we aimed to determine the prevalence of depression among PWE who were followed up at KFMC. Methods This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at KFMC in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Higher rates of depression were also observed among elementary school pupils, divorced women, and non-Riyadh residents.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “School-based hearing screening of first-grade students in Saudi Arabia: A pilot study. Despite the implementation of hearing screening programmes in Saudi Arabia, more research is needed on the audiological profiles of first-grade students. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize the audiological profile of first-grade students in Saudi Arabia and to raise awareness among parents, schools, and decision-makers about the need for hearing screening programs and the implementation of an effective monitoring and management system in the country. METHOD: This cross-sectional descriptive study assessed the audiological profile of 308 first-grade students in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, using pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and tympanometry.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “We collected the data from randomly selected students currently enrolled in the College of Pharmacy at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A 42-year-old female patient presented to a tertiary care centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in 2021 with chronic abdominal pain.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Probiotics Among Saudi Health Care Students-A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi University in Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Health science students in Saudi had a fair level of knowledge of probiotics.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Awareness of Shaken Baby Syndrome among Saudi Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. To date, no studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia to examine student nurses' awareness of SBS, so we sought to assess this issue in an academic institution in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. To improve nursing students' knowledge of SBS and help them to better inform the public of this syndrome, particularly parents, child maltreatment topics should be added to nursing curricula in Saudi Arabia, and their importance should be emphasised.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Knowledge and attitudes of gout patients and their perspectives about diagnosis and management: A cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at university clinics and local health facilities in central Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for the duration between April and August 2022. CONCLUSION: The patients diagnosed with gout in Saudi Arabia exhibited a satisfactory level of information, attitude, and perspectives regarding their condition.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Abnormalities among Women Attending a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia over 2 Years. This study aimed to assess HPV infection prevalence in women aged 23 to 82 with abnormal cytology attending King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using retrospective data collected from January 2021 to December 2022.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Dynamic and Seasonal Distribution of Enteric Viruses in Surface and Well Water in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Enteric viruses are the major cause of gastroenteritis and enteric hepatitis worldwide, but in some areas like Saudi Arabia, little is known about their presence in water sources. The aim of this study was to gather information for the first time in Saudi Arabia on the presence of the Norovirus (NoV) genogroup GI and GII, hepatitis A virus (HAV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in water.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “This genomic study aims to characterize Escherichia coli to identify antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG), virulence factors, and phylogenetic relationships among ESBL-positive and negative isolates of E. coli obtained from Al-Kharj, Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Methodology This retrospective case series study included six pediatric cases of neonatal diabetes mellitus who are currently following at pediatric endocrinology clinics at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Cross-Assembly Phages in Wastewater Treatment Plants in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. King Saud University wastewater treatment plant (KSU-WWTP); Manfoha wastewater treatment plant (MN-WWTP); and the Embassy wastewater treatment plant (EMB-WWTP) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were selected, and 36 untreated sewage water samples during the year 2022 were used in the current study. The findings provided pioneering insights into crAssphage prevalence and its genetic diversity in WWTPs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A new species and a key to the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones, Buthidae) from Saudi Arabia. A new species, Leiurushadb Al-Qahtni, Al-Salem, Alqahtani & Badry, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Majami al-Hadb Protected Area in the Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia. The new species is compared with species of Leiurus distributed in Saudi Arabia, especially L.arabicus Lowe, Yağmur & Kovařík, 2014. Moreover, the molecular analysis is conducted on the mitochondrial gene 16S rRNA to compare L.hadb sp. nov. with samples of L.arabicus and L.haenggii from Saudi Arabia. Additionally, an identification key for the genus Leiurus found in Saudi Arabia is also provided.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Diagnostic Accuracy of Flow Cytometric DNA Index in Saudi Children with B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) is one of the most common types of cancer diagnosed in children in Saudi Arabia. Fixed samples (n = 72) from children diagnosed with B-ALL at King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh between 2017 and 2019 were investigated.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Sixty earwax samples were obtained from 15 healthy male and female Saudi volunteers living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “During 2019-2020, 778 influenza-like illness (ILI) samples were collected from 302 (39%) vaccinated ILI patients and 476 (61%) unvaccinated ILI patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance of Human Adenovirus and Rotavirus A Associated Gastroenteritis in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, acute gastroenteritis (GE) is a common illness affecting children and adults; however, the extent to which human rotavirus A (HRV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) strains contribute to the condition is unclear.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: Sixty-five placentas from women admitted to the King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed; 34 and 31 placentas were from healthy pregnant women and women with gestational diabetes, respectively.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Assessment of attitudes towards the use of preimplantation genetic diagnosis in a single center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the attitudes of the general public in Saudi Arabia regarding both medical and non-medical applications of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). The study was conducted in King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital (KASCH) in Riyadh with a sample size of 377. The findings of this study indicate that our sample of Saudi individuals generally had a positive attitude towards the use of PGD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genetic Diversity and Evolutionary Kinetics of Influenza A Virus H3N2 Subtypes Circulating in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Presence of a large foreign workforce and the annual gathering of people for pilgrimage from around the globe have significantly contributed to the emergence and diversity of respiratory viruses in Saudi Arabia. Here, we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the H3N2 subtype of influenza A virus (IAV) in clinical samples collected from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The main objectives of the present study were to evaluate the resistance levels of M. domestica slaughterhouse populations, collected from Riyadh, Jeddah, and Taif, against the organophosphate insecticide pirimiphos-methyl and investigate the genetic mutations of the Ace gene associated with pirimiphos-methyl resistance. The obtained data showed that there were significant differences among pirimiphos-methyl LC50 values of the studied populations, where the highest LC50 was recorded for the Riyadh population (8.44 mM), followed by Jeddah and Taif populations (2.45 mM and 1.63 mM, respectively). Three out of these seventeen combinations were frequently found both worldwide and in the three Saudi house fly field populations, as well as their pirimiphos-methyl-surviving flies. Overall, the single and combined Ace mutations are apparently associated with pirimiphos-methyl resistance, and the obtained data can be useful in managing house fly field populations in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Parents' Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Febrile Convulsion in Children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted among parents living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with children younger than 14 years of age.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Role of autoimmunity in Neuronal damage in children with Autism spectrum disorder. "Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in three core behavioral: social deficits, impaired communication, and repetitive behaviors." There is developing indication and emerging data that irregular autoimmune responses to the central nervous system may play a pathogenic role in patients with autism spectrum disorder." The aim of this review was to discuss the updated research carried out at Autism research and treatment center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia particularly on the role of autoimmunity in Autism spectrum disorder. The systematic literature search was carried out using Google Scholar, Science direct and PubMed databases on the role of autoimmunity in autism and reviewed all relevant articles published in peer reviewed journals by Autism research and treatment center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia till April, 2022.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Needlestick Injuries Among Dental Students in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Aim and objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of NSIs among dentistry students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: Conducted during the 2023-2024 academic year in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, this cross-sectional study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of undergraduate dental medicine students regarding NSIs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Muslim women's knowledge, views, and attitudes towards sexually transmitted infections in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study. This study explores Muslim women's knowledge, views, and attitudes towards STIs and people living with HIV/AIDs in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with Muslim women from Saudi Arabia. Interviews took place in a public hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in 2019. There is an urgent need for accurate information and improved awareness of sexual health including STIs among Muslims in Saudi Arabia. Public health efforts should be directed towards reducing stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS in Saudi Arabia and other Islamic communities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Glaucoma among Saudi Arabian population: a scoping review. About 11% of glaucoma patients in Saudi Arabia end up with bilateral blindness. This scoping review investigates and presents results on the glaucoma profile, including its prevalence, knowledge, attitude, and practice of Saudi Arabians towards the disease. Most studies were in Riyadh city, followed by Jeddah.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Characteristics, Etiological Factors, and Visual Outcomes of Pediatric Open Globe Injuries in Central Saudi Arabia: A 22-Year Retrospective Study. PURPOSE: To discuss the characteristics, etiological factors, and visual outcomes of open globe injuries (OGIs) in children at a tertiary eye hospital in Riyadh, Central Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Saudi Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study. Objectives This study aimed to describe the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among Saudi psoriatic arthritis patients treated at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A total of 326 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 2800 in- and outpatient samples collected from King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2018 to March 2021.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Assessment of the Correlation between the Levels of Physical Activity and Technology Usage among Children with Down Syndrome in the Riyadh Region. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the use of electronic technology and levels of physical activity in C-DS in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 49 mothers, where each had a child (6-12 years of age) with Down Syndrome (DS), and who were recruited using purposive sampling from three DS centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence of Human Coronaviruses in Children and Phylogenetic Analysis of HCoV-OC43 during 2016-2022 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Multiple sequence alignment of the two Saudi OC43s strains with international strains revealed the presence of sequence deletions and several mutations, of which some changed their corresponding amino acids. Based on phylogenetic analysis, four genotypes were observed with Riyadh strains grouped into the genotype C. Further long-term surveillance with a large number of clinical samples and sequences is necessary to resolve the circulation patterns and evolutionary kinetics of OC43 in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Assessing frequency and clinical outcomes of BRCA mutated ovarian cancer in Saudi women. There are limited data from Saudi Arabia (SA); thus, this study aims to determine the frequency, pattern, and impact on patient characteristics and outcomes of BRCAm OC compared to wild-type BRCA (BRCAw) in Saudi women. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of BRCAm of OC was higher in Saudi women compared to regional and most of the international figures. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial approved by the Institutional Review Board of King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (RAC # 2171137) and conducted at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, PO Box 3354, Riyadh 11,211, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A 16-year-old Saudi female who is a known case of glycogen storage disease type 1A (GSD1A), presented to the emergency department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on 15th January 2021 due to a complaint of persistent vomiting.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “This study identified the deliberative sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk perception among young females during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its implication on their willingness to lifestyle change in the Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia. This cross‑sectional study using self‑administered online questionnaires was conducted to reach a total of 797 female university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Conclusions This study identifies the deliberative SCD risk perception among young Saudi women and raises the need for preventive health care programs that enhance healthy behaviors among students at high risk, to minimize cardiovascular diseases and fatalities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Awareness and attitudes toward epilepsy among medical students and interns in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was distributed to medical students in their clinical and preclinical years and interns at Riyadh's four public universities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for children below 2 years of age diagnosed with epilepsy, and on anti-seizure medications from January 2017 - December 2018.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Patterns of antiseizure medication prescription in pregnancy and maternal complications in women with epilepsy: A retrospective study in Saudi Arabia. METHOD: Data of pregnant WWE was retrospectively reviewed at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Marital status among patients with epilepsy in Saudi Arabia. There are no adequate studies on Saudi Arabia regarding the effect of the social environment on marriage among people with epilepsy (PWE). The subjects of the study included PWE aged 18 years or above, recruited between 1998 and 2019 from the Epilepsy Registry of King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Of the sample, 40.28% resided in Riyadh, whereas 13.14% were from the Asir region.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “MATERIALS AND METHOD: This paper presents the research findings drawn from a focus group discussion conducted with nine people with moderate to mild intellectual disabilities in Riyadh, by using a qualitative study focussed on the interpretative paradigm. CONCLUSIONS: The paper also discusses the implications for practice and presents some useful recommendations, including the need for family support and government assistance.Implications for rehabilitationSmartphone apps introduced specifically for transportation can be extensively supportive for individuals with intellectual disabilities prominently in terms of ease of use, low cost and flexible navigation.It is found that smartphone apps for transportation have been contributory in fulfilling the mobility requirements of intellectually disabled people.Transportation apps like Careem and Uber are very much popular in Saudi Arabia, specifically among people with intellectual disabilities.Such people frequently use the apps and are happy with their key attributes in addressing their transportation issues.The apps can be further promoted by responsible authorities for facilitating people having intellectual disabilities with strengthened and easy access to learning and working opportunities.Further research studies can be organized with a focus on determining creative ways in which technology integration can play a role in improving the mobility and fostering social inclusion of persons with intellectual disabilities.Government authorities can impose policies and measures for safeguarding the rights of this particular group and advancing awareness among society members for collectively working towards their well-being.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Primary data were collected using a previously validated questionnaire in a large mental health care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A total of 2,472 images, obtained from five public sources and one Saudi-based resource (King Abdullah International Medical Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), were used to train and test the model.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence and determinants of refractive error and related ocular morbidities among Saudi adolescence population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude and determinants of refractive error (RE) and related ocular morbidities among preparatory and secondary Saudi students in Riyadh. RESULTS: The study sample was comprised of 708 Saudi students. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of Saudi adolescence in Riyadh have RE.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “ON-1 and BA-IX Are the Dominant Sub-Genotypes of Human Orthopneumovirus A&B in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Human orthopneumovirus (HOPV) is the major viral pathogen responsible for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in infants and young children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data from this study showed that ON-1 genotype of HOPV-A and BA-IX genotype of HOPV-B were dominant in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Specific IgG Antibody Responses Following Two Doses of Match and Mixed COVID-19 Vaccines Regimens in Saudi Population. AIM: The aims of this study are to provide data about the magnitude of immune responses in individuals fully vaccinated against COVID-19 in Riyadh province of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A total of 141 healthy volunteers were recruited to our study; blood (n=63) and the saliva samples (n=78) and were collected from fully vaccinated individuals in Riyadh city.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The present study aimed to evaluate the maternal and fetal vasculopathies in the placenta of Saudi women with GDM. The sampling took place in King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, between January and August 2019.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Frequency of Rh and K antigens in blood donors in Riyadh. OBJECTIVES: Investigate the prevalence of Rh and the K antigens and their phenotypes in the red blood cells of blood donors in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The five principal Rh antigens (D, C, c, E, e) and the Kell antigen from the Kell blood group were tested in 4,675 random samples collected from four blood bank centers in Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Novel findings in context of molecular diversity and abundance of bacteriophages in wastewater environments of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Current study focused on isolation, identification and diversity of phages from 34 sewage water samples collected from two different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), King Saud University wastewater treatment plants (KSU-WWTP) and Manfoha wastewater treatment plants (MN-WWTP) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cronobacter virus Esp2949-1 was found first time with highest abundance (4.41%) in wastewater of Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Mitochondrial genome of Rhipicephalus cf. camicasi Morel, Mouchet et Rodhain, 1976 from a camel (Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In the present study, the entire mitochondrial genome of R. cf. camicasi (~15 kb) collected from a camel in Saudi Arabia was sequenced and compared with mitogenomes of two species of Rhipicephalus Koch, 1844.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Novel insights of waterborne human rotavirus A in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) involving G2 predominance and emergence of a thermotolerant sequence. Here, we detected human rotavirus A (HRVA) circulating in two wastewater treatment plants, two lakes, irrigation water and a wastewater landfill located in Riyadh. Phylogenetic analyzes revealed the predominance of HRVA G2 lineage for the first time in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy (PGT-A): First Report from Saudi Arabia. In this study, we describe our first experience in introducing an NGS-based preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) service using next-generation sequencing in King Abdulaziz Medical City located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. In total, 200 blastomere biopsies were obtained from 36 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles from Saudi couples suffering from prolonged infertility or recurrent embryo transfer failure.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular characterization of the Fe‑hydrogenase gene marker in Trichomonas gallinae isolated from birds in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Al-Azizia poultry market in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia is among the largest poultry markets in the Arabian Gulf. To our knowledge, this report is the first to describe genotypes of T. gallinae from pigeons in Saudi Arabia using Fe‑hydrogenase gene sequences for subtyping. Subtype analysis infers the presence of multiple genotypes of T. gallinae in Saudi avian populations.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “To prevent Salmonella contamination associated health issues in the chicken meat sold in Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using specific growth media for Salmonella spp., swabs taken from the whole-body surfaces of 200 chilled broiler chickens from different vendors in the city of Riyadh, were screened for Salmonella contamination.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “CASE REPORT We present a case of a 29-year-old woman who was brought by family members to our Emergency Department (ED) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia with sudden cardiac arrest due to SCAD in the right coronary artery 13 days after normal spontaneous vaginal delivery.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefts and associated congenital heart diseases of a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of congenital heart diseases associated with non-syndromic orofacial clefts in the Saudi population. METHODS: Electronic files of non-syndromic orofacial cleft patients who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in King Abdulaziz Medical City of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Satisfaction of Oral Health Education among Parents and Caregivers Regarding Children with Special Healthcare Needs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the satisfaction of an oral health promotion program among parents and caregivers of children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Stalls for oral health education and training were set up at Disabled Children Society, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Antiseizure medications use during pregnancy and congenital malformations: A retrospective study in Saudi Arabia. Patients were followed up at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between Dec 1993 and Oct 2020.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of physical education (PE) games on mathematics achievements in a sample of students with intellectual disabilities in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Method: Participants of this study were 34 students with intellectual disabilities from inclusive middle school in Riyadh city.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Parental Awareness and Attitude about Childhood Immunization in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the awareness and attitudes regarding routine childhood immunization among Saudi parents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This survey, with a pretested 18-item questionnaire, was conducted on parents having at least one child from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 1 May 2019 and 1 November 2019.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Employment and occupational safety among patients with seizure disorders - findings from a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. There are scarce reports in the literature on the prevalence of employment and occupational safety among patients with seizure disorders in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Employers in Saudi Arabia generally accommodate patients in the workplace; however, individuals should further be empowered with information on safety in the workplace and their rights to employment.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: This case control study was carried out at Autism Research and Treatment (ART) Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2019 to February 2020.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Resilience and social support as predictors of post-traumatic growth in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder in Saudi Arabia. AIM: This study examined the relationship between social support, resilience, and PTG and the predictive role of resilience and social support related to PTG in Saudi Arabian mothers. They were sampled from nine day care centers in Riyadh and the Central-Eastern-Southern region. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We found that, for mothers of a child with ASD in Saudi Arabia, the biggest factors predicting post-traumatic growth were a notion of personal competence and social support from friends.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Patients' knowledge about epilepsy in a tertiary medical center: A cross-sectional study from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to evaluate the current patients' knowledge about epilepsy and identify factors associated with knowledge of different aspects of epilepsy and its management in a tertiary medical center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary medical center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants were included if they had a documented diagnosis of epilepsy and excluded if they were non-Saudi or had nonepileptic seizures.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “An observational study was conducted at the university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Diverse faba bean genotypes were evaluated under four growing seasons in a randomized complete block design: three at the University of Sydney, Narrabri, Australia (2014-2016) with three sowing dates, and one at the Agricultural Research Station, Dirab, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (2016/2017) in one sowing.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella typhimurium in chicken using PCR for virulence factor hipO and invA genes (Saudi Arabia). The present study isolated C. jejuni and S. typhimurim from fifty chicken carcass samples, all of which were acquired from different companies in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Phenology and abundance of date palm mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A report on tick burden and molecular detection of tick-borne pathogens in cattle blood samples collected from four regions in Saudi Arabia. Through the present study the researchers aimed to report the presence of various pathogens that cause babesiosis, theileriosis and anaplasmosis in cattle collected from different provinces in Saudi Arabia and to report their phylogenetic relationship. A total of 362 blood samples of cattle along with ticks that were present on the cattle were collected from four regions (Riyadh, Al-Kharj, Al-Hasa and Al-Qassim) of Saudi Arabia. Prevalence of the Theileria and Anaplasma species was highest in cattle that resided in Riyadh, followed by cattle from Al-Hasa and Al-Qassim. We report novel genotypes of T. annulata and A. ovis from cattle in Saudi Arabia and we recommend that molecular surveys are undertaken throughout the country to address the prevalence and geographical distribution of tick-borne infections for their effective diagnosis and treatment.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Mating frequency of Apis mellifera jemenitica under desert conditions of Saudi Arabia. Queen mating frequency of the Yemeni Honeybee A. m. jemenetica was estimated under Saudi Arabia desert conditions, Riyadh (24°71'36″N, 46°67'53″E).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular and phenotypic variations in Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) populations from Saudi Arabia. The oriental red spider mite, Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) is a major pest of citrus in many countries including Saudi Arabia (SA). The rDNA sequence analysis of these morphologically varying populations resulted in 10 different ITS2 Saudi haplotypes. Further, the ITS2 haplotypes of Saudi E. orientalis recovered from Citrus reticulata from Riyadh and Al Ula were 100% identical to the ITS2 haplotypes recovered from Citrus sp. from Israel.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence and molecular characteristics of sequence type 131 clone among clinical uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The main goal of this study is to determine the prevalence and molecular traits of ST131 and its subclones among E. coli clinical urine isolates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: This study reported the prevalence and traits of clinical E. coli ST131 main subclones in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genomic analysis of the first KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a patient in Riyadh: A new public health concern in Saudi Arabia. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been isolated from human patients in many countries across the globe but rarely in Saudi Arabia. Here we provide the genomic characterization of the first KPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolated from the urine of a patient in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who had a recent travel history to Egypt involving a medical procedure. The isolation of the first KPC producer in Saudi Arabia requires high attention and rapid interventions to prevent further spread.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODOLOGY: In total, 608 cervical specimens with cytology results ranging from normal to cancer were collected using an endocervical brush from women attending outpatient clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Perception of general pediatricians in Riyadh towards vaccination of patients with congenital heart diseases. Perception and Interpretation of the knowledge and experience of general pediatricians towards vaccination of patients with congenital heart diseases is a crucial element to understand, and to improve healthcare practice in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Algahtani, in six different teritiary hospitals, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), King Faisal Specialist Hospital (KFSH), King Salman Hospital, and Alyamamah Hospital, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. However, in Riyadh, we found that most pediatricians agree on giving extra vaccines as meningococcal and pneumococcal, and RSV and influenza as special vaccines to children with congenital heart defects.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Knowledge of and attitudes toward epilepsy surgery among neurologists in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the levels of knowledge and attitudes toward epilepsy surgery among neurologists in Saudi Arabia and evaluate the factors that affect the physicians` knowledge and attitudes. METHODS: A quantitative observational cross-sectional study conducted at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh. The questionnaire contained 3 sections: demographic information, knowledge, and attitudes which then sent to neurologist in Saudi Arabia from December 2016 to March 2017. CONCLUSION: Neurologists in Saudi Arabia appear to have moderate knowledge of and positive attitudes toward epilepsy surgery.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Method This is a retrospective case series that involved eight SSNHL patients in the past three years at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre (KFSHRC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Dominance of the ON1 Genotype of RSV-A and BA9 Genotype of RSV-B in Respiratory Cases from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In previous studies from Saudi Arabia, higher prevalence of the NA1 genotype in group A was observed from Riyadh and Taif. This study recruited respiratory cases from Jeddah during January to December, 2017. Our sequences showed similarity with earlier sequences from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Thailand, South Africa, Spain, the USA and Cyprus. The predominance of the ON1 and BA9 genotype of RSV-A in Jeddah compared to previous Saudi studies showing predominance of the NA1 genotype for group A. This difference in genotype prevalence could be due to fast spread of the ON1 genotype worldwide or due to the flux of travelers through Jeddah during hajj/umrah compared to Riyadh and Taif.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Trichomonas gallinae in falcons in Saudi Arabia. This parasitic disease is common in captive falcons in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East. This study aimed to examine and identify the genetic variation of T. gallinae obtained from three species of falcons in Saudi Arabia via the sequencing analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The overall prevalence of infection by T. gallinae was 26.58% (n = 42), of which 35 (83.33%) were collected from Riyadh region and seven (16.67%) were collected from Qassim region. The results indicate the presence of four genotypes of T. gallinae in Saudi falcons: A, C, II, and KSA11. This study reports for the first time genetic diversity of T. gallinae in these falcons in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence and clinical correlates of ambulatory blood pressure phenotypes in a Saudi hypertensive population. The authors explored the prevalence and clinical correlates of ABPM phenotypes and relationship with office BP in Saudi patients (n = 428, mean age 53.5 ± 14.6, 55% male) referred to a Specialist Hypertension clinic in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Our study shows that one in three Saudi patients will be managed inappropriately if office BP alone was relied upon for management of hypertension.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Isolation and Characterization of Novel Trichomonas gallinae Ribotypes Infecting Domestic and Wild Birds in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypic diversity of T. gallinae in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. To our knowledge, this study demonstrated the presence of T. gallinae strain diversity in Saudi Arabian birds for the first time and revealed that ribotypes A and C are predominant among Riyadh birds.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Evolutionary analysis of the ON1 genotype of subtype a respiratory syncytial virus in Riyadh during 2008-16. Limited information is available on molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) from Saudi Arabia. An attempt was made to identify and characterize RSV strains in nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from hospitalized symptomatic ARI pediatric patients with <5 years of age from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during 2016. The study sequences along with the previously reported strains from Saudi Arabia were assessed for mutational, glycosylation, phylogenetic, selection pressure and entropy analyses. Our study shows the progressive emergence and predominance of the ON1 genotype in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during 2008-16.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The emergence of subgenotype ON-1 of Human orthopneumovirus type A in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A new episode of the virus epidemiological dynamic. To date, the molecular epidemiology of the virus in Saudi Arabia has not been adequately charted. Three conserved N-glycosylation sites were observed in the HVR2 of Saudi ON-1 strains. The data presented in this report outlined the replacement of NA1 and NA2 subgenotypes in Saudi Arabia with ON-1 within 7 to 8 years.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “In retrospective study, we reviewed all patients with HIGM3 who underwent HSCT at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2008 and 2013.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The present study aimed to investigate the microflora of pasteurized camel milk sold in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Emergence of novel methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in a tertiary care facility in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This study was carried out to evaluate the evolution of MRSA at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: MRSA isolates associated with invasive clinical infection, which were identified in 2017 at the microbiology laboratory, King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were studied. The findings demonstrated the first identification of CC152, CC361 and CC1153 MRSA as well as ST5-MRSA-[I+fus], "Geraldine Clone", CC6-MRSA-IV (PVL+) and CC88-MRSA-V (PVL+), WA MRSA-117 in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular-diversity, Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pathogenic Klebsiella Pneumoniae under Saudi Condition. This study aimed to determine the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and to correlate the antibiotic resistance with the presence of virulence genes revealed by molecular genotypic testing in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Typhimurium Harboring SPI-1 and SPI-2 Are the Predominant Serotypes Associated With Human Salmonellosis in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, NTS strains frequently cause human infections but data regarding these pathogenic strains is fairly limited. The aim of this study was to characterize Salmonella human clinical isolates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, by determining their serotype, testing for the presence of SPI-1 and SPI-2 genes and to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of these strains. Kentucky isolate harboring the blaOXA-48 gene not reported previously in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHOD: This is a retrospective observational cohort study which was conducted at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between 2012 and 2018.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A total of 143 UPEC isolates representing 99 different MLST clones from three locations (North West and South West England and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) were used to validate the PCR assay.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “We aimed to review our experience at King Faisal Heart Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia for the outcome of adult patients with congenital heart disease who underwent either primary or redo surgery.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Knowledge and attitude of Saudi female university students about first aid skills. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at PNU in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2017 to December 2017.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Value of Newborn Hearing Screening on Early Intervention in the Saudi Population and Review of International Records. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine whether neonatal hearing screening in Saudi Arabia helped prelingually deaf children to present earlier or not. Design Retrospective cross-sectional review Setting King Abdullah Ear Specialist Center (KAESC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Subjects and methods We included all patients who presented to the CI committee for the first time at KAESC, between March 2016 and March 2018, and met the inclusion criteria.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “At the University Hospital in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A retrospective study at King Khaled University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia of all patient charts presented with pancreatic mass for a period of 10 years (2007-2017) with a study duration of 4 years between 2013 and 2017.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Diabetic retinopathy (DR) among 40 years and older Saudi population with diabetes in Riyadh governorate, Saudi Arabia - A population based survey. PURPOSE: To present the prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among more than 40 years old Saudi population. METHODS: A population based survey was conducted in Riyadh district between 2014 and 2017. All Saudi aged >40 years suffering from diabetes and confirmed in the diabetes register of the Primary Health Center (PHC) were the study population. CONCLUSIONS: The DR among diabetics is high among adult Saudi population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms among dentists in Saudi Arabia. This original article is a duplicated article which was previously published entitled "Prevalence and risk factors of musculoskeletal symptoms among dental students and dental practitioners in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia" in Archives of Environmental and Occupational Health, Volume 73, Number 1, 56-63, 2018 (Received June 15, 2016 and accepted February 19, 2017).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence of Multidrug Resistance and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Carriage of Clinical Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 100 E. coli urine isolates were collected at a tertiary healthcare centre in Riyadh from January 2018 to March 2018.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genomic characterization of NDM-1 and 5, and OXA-181 carbapenemases in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We investigated the presence of carbapenem-resistant uropathogenic E. coli clones in community-acquired UTIs in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to identify the virulence and resistance structures of the resistant clones and relate the isolates to those circulating globally. A combination of comparative genomics and phenotypic approaches were used to characterize ten MDR-uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates recovered from UTI patients in Riyadh between November 2014 and January 2015. We report the presence of NDM-1 and 5, and OXA-181 in carbapenem-resistant UPEC strains from Riyadh, KSA.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Gene-based molecular analysis of COX1 in Echinococcus granulosus cysts isolated from naturally infected livestock in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The diversity and importance of Echinococcus species in domesticated animals in Saudi Arabia are poorly understood.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The authors report different anesthesia approaches for four pediatric patients with SVP underwent ten noncardiac procedures done under general anesthesia following the different stages of palliation at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between 2009 and 2015 and do a brief review of the literature on this topic.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Physicians' knowledge and attitudes in Saudi Arabia regarding implantable cardiac defibrillators. Between October 2015 and February 2016, the study was conducted in hospitals in the Riyadh region where no cardiac electrophysiology service was available. There was no statistically significant difference between physicians' knowledge when we categorized them according to three different factors: (1) physician's specialty (cardiology vs. internal medicine); (2) physician's degree (consultant vs. specialist); and (3) physician's location (inside vs. outside Riyadh city). CONCLUSION: There is a lack of knowledge of current clinical guidelines regarding ICD implantation for patients with heart failure at general hospitals in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Telehealth Services for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders in Rural Areas of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Overview and Recommendations. However, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the earliest that a child with ASD in the major cities receives an intervention is at the age of 4 years, owing to limited services and a lack of awareness of the importance and benefits of early interventions. Families who live in rural areas of KSA arguably have a greater need for these services, as they have to travel to cities such as Riyadh for help.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prospective study of early and late outcomes of extremely low birthweight in Central Saudi Arabia. However, in Saudi Arabia, there are no written guidelines on the definition of the lower limit of viability, and there has been a call for such a limit. METHODS: Prospective study of all live inborn ELBW infants admitted to the neonatal unit of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, within 3 years [between January 1st, 2005 and December 31st, 2007] was conducted (n = 117). The process of care of ELBW infants in Saudi Arabia may need to be revisited taking these findings into consideration.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Primary school female teachers' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward students with epilepsy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of female primary school teachers toward students with epilepsy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: The knowledge about epilepsy needs improvement among primary school teachers in Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Treatment of infantile spasms in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment approach and compliance of pediatric neurologists with evidence-based guidelines across Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The majority practiced in 2 major cities, Riyadh (46%) or Jeddah (19%). 5%, p=0.001), practicing in the city of Riyadh (25% vs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “HLA class II polymorphism in Saudi patients with multiple sclerosis. However, only few studies have considered the association of high-resolution HLA type and MS with none yet from Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of HLA class II alleles with MS in the Saudi population. This study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Time Trends and Regional Variation in Prevalence of Asthma and Associated Factors in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. In Saudi Arabia, asthma affects more than 2 million people and majority of them have uncontrolled asthma with their quality of life adversely being impacted. The present review attempted to identify studies on asthma and associated factors in Saudi Arabian population and assess their time trends and regional variation. RESULTS: Among 31 retained studies, Riyadh had the highest publication output followed by Jeddah. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of asthma varied in different regions without any disparity in prevalence in the rural and urban areas of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Assessment of physicians' awareness and knowledge of familial hypercholesterolemia in Saudi Arabia: Is there a gap? BACKGROUND: The scarcity of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) cases reported in Saudi Arabia might be indicative of a lack of awareness of this common genetic disease among physicians. OBJECTIVE: To assess physicians' awareness, practice, and knowledge of FH in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among physicians at four tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between March 2016 and May 2016 using a self-administered questionnaire. CONCLUSION: A substantial deficit was found in the awareness, knowledge, practice, and detection of FH among physicians in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: Four CC15-MRSA isolates collected in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2013 and 2014 were studied.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Current umbilical cord clamping practices and attitudes of obstetricians and midwives toward delayed cord clamping in Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND: In Saudi Arabia, as in many countries, there is usually no clear definition of the timing of umbilical cord clamping (UCC) in the policies and procedures used by hospitals. OBJECTIVE: To investigate current practices of healthcare professionals on the timing of UCC in Saudi Arabia. SETTING: Five tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during May to October 2016. Most respondents were non-Saudi (66%) and had an educational level of bachelor's degree or higher (72%).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Autism Research and Treatment Center, Al-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2015 to May 2016.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Management of convulsive status epilepticus in children: an adapted clinical practice guideline for pediatricians in Saudi Arabia. METHOD:: A Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) adaptation group was formulated at a university hospital in Riyadh. CONCLUSION:: A clinical practice guideline for the Saudi healthcare context was formulated using a guideline adaptation process to support relevant clinicians managing CSE in children.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: This was a retrospective study carried out in King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from 2010 to 2013.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Autism Research and Treatment Center, Al-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2014 to May 2015.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The Autism Research and Treatment Center, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2013 to May 2014.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “OBJECTIVES: Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are a significant health burden in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of all 88 government-funded primary care centers in the city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Hepatitis C virus genotypes in Saudi Arabia: a future prediction and laboratory profile. METHODS: The records (630) of Saudi patients positive for HCV (2007-2011) reported in the system of the Molecular Pathology Laboratory at a tertiary reference hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were analyzed.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Diabetic retinopathy: Knowledge, awareness and practices of physicians in primary-care centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. As primary care physicians (PCP) are the main providers for diabetic care in Saudi Arabia, we aim to evaluate the current knowledge and awareness, and to assess practices among PCP regarding DR. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study covering 46 randomly selected primary-care centers in Riyadh during October 2015.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The viruses from Jordan were highly similar to isolates from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, except for deletions in open reading frames 4a and 3.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of pathogenic Escherichia coli virulence genes recovered from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The current study was carried out to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli recovered from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. During the period of 10th February-30th May 2015, 70 E. coli strains were isolated from chicken farms located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence and genotyping ofToxoplasma gondii among Saudi pregnant women in Saudi Arabia. Purpose of this study: To investigate not only the prevalence of T. gondii, but also to find out its genotyping using multiple sequential molecular methods to predict exactly the precise genotyping of T. gondii among Saudi pregnant women. Initial stage involved enrolment of 250 Saudi pregnant women from multi-centre healthcare and community based settings in the capital of Saudi Arabia Riyadh. Conclusion: Defining the population structure of T. gondii from Saudi Arabia has important implications for transmission, immunogenicity, pathogenesis, and in planning preventive strategies. Our finding of the genotyping of T. gondii might facilitate and inform future studies on comparative genomics and identification of genes that control important biological phenotypes including pathogenesis and transmission among Saudi women.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “High prevalence of the PER-1 gene among carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Saudi Arabia and their resistance genetic mechanisms are yet to be identified. We studied the prevalence and genetic diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes, particularly the PER-1 gene, among carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains from patients at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between 2006 and 2014. We report 76.3 % prevalence of the PER-1 resistance gene among Acinetobacter clinical isolates from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Klippel-Trenaunay and Sturge-Weber overlapping syndrome in a Saudi boy. The clinical, neuroradiological features as well as the outcome of a Saudi boy who was referred to the Division of Pediatric Neurology, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, with intractable focal seizure and left-sided hemiparesis who was eventually diagnosed with combined SWS and KTS is described here.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “A total of 944 healthy Saudi mothers and their respective infants (aged 3-12 months) were recruited from 57 Primary Health Care Centers in Riyadh City.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Developmental and Behavioural Paediatrics Outpatient Clinic at King Saud University, King Khalid University hospital (KKUH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Two years' experience of implementing molecular screening of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus 1, 2 in Riyadh blood donors. In the two years following the introduction of molecular testing in King Khalid University Hospital, Saudi Arabia, 25,920 donor samples were screened in parallel by both serological and molecular techniques for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is only the second report of confirmed HBV NAT yield in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and amongst the few reports in the wider Middle East and North Africa region.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Co-Circulation of 72bp Duplication Group A and 60bp Duplication Group B Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Strains in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during 2014. Limited data are available on molecular epidemiology of RSV from Saudi Arabia. A total of 130 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children less than 5 years of age with ARI symptoms attending the Emergency Department at King Khalid University Hospital and King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between October and December, 2014. This is the first report describing the presence of ON1 genotype and the first report on co-circulation of two different genotypes of RSV with duplication in the G protein gene from Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “This study retrospectively reviewed and analyzed data from five patients who received HSCT at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre (KFSH&RC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2005 and 2013.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of extended-spectrum b-lactamases producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniaein a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Retrospective study conducted during the period from January to June 2013 at King Khalid University hospital, a tertiary-care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: This study comprised patients diagnosed with NCCM and MR in two cardiac centers (King Abdul-Aziz Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Sudan Heart Institute, Khartoum, Sudan), and seen in the period between 2002 and 2013.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Autism Research and Treatment Center, Al-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2011 to May 2012.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “OBJECTIVES: To evaluate dental knowledge and attitudes toward oral health care among healthcare providers and educators working with children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in central Saudi Arabia. The study took place in the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: There is a clear lack of dental knowledge and attitudes, and its practical application among the participating group of healthcare providers working with children with ASD in Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Autism Research and Treatment Center, Al-Amodi Autism Research Chair, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2012 to May 2013.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Evaluating the initial impact of the Riyadh Epilepsy Awareness Campaign. OBJECTIVE: We determine the impact of an educational awareness campaign on the level of knowledge and the attitude of the Saudi population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in an attempt to improve the awareness and reduce the social stigma associated with epilepsy. METHODS: The Saudi Epilepsy Society organized a citywide awareness campaign in 2013. A survey consisting of 11 questions pertaining to epilepsy awareness was distributed to Saudi citizens living in Riyadh, aged 15 years and above, in malls, health clubs, mosques, universities, and schools during that campaign.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The extent of mercury (Hg) exposure among Saudi mothers and their respective infants. A total of 1016 healthy Saudi mothers and their respective infants (aged 3-12 months) were recruited from 57 Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to evaluate the extent of mercury (Hg) exposure and predict its sources in the healthy Saudi population.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “We present a 12-year-old boy who was referred to the Division of Pediatric Neurology, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia with left-sided hemiparesis.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus infection among heroin injectors in the central region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: In this retrospective study, heroin users' inpatient records from the Alamal Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were reviewed for HIV, HBV, and HCV screening results, age, number of admissions, education, and marital and occupational status. RESULTS: A sample of 357 inpatients Saudi male heroin users (all injectors) aged 40 (±8.6) years with lifetime admissions averaged 5.8 (±5) times were studied. CONCLUSION: Contracting serious contagious viral infections is very common among Saudi heroin injectors at rates similar to those seen among injectors in Western countries.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genetic association between the HLA-G 14-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism and the recurrent spontaneous abortions in Saudi Arabian women. We studied the association between the 14-bp indel polymorphism (rs16375) at the 3' untranslated region with recurrent spontaneous abortions in a Saudi population living in Riyadh. The control group included 62 women without reported abortions and at least 2 pregnancies, all visiting the King Khaled Hospital in Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: This is a retrospective study of patients with refractory uveitis associated with BD who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery under systemic infliximab therapy between July 2003 and November 2011 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Fast food intake and prevalence of obesity in school children in Riyadh City. We found that obesity among children in Riyadh City was significantly associated with fast food intake (p = 0.0280). The prevalence of childhood obesity is changing and increasing yearly and is attributed to the nutritional risk factors for the Saudi school-age children.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Influence of adiposity-related genetic markers in a population of saudi arabians where other variables influencing obesity may be reduced. We undertook a genotype study to examine the impact of variants, known to influence obesity, in a sample from the Saudi Arabian population, notable for its profound combination of low mean physical activity indices and high energy intake. Anthropometry measures and genotypes were obtained for 367 Saudis, taken from King Saud University and Biomarker Screening Project in Riyadh (Riyadh Cohort). Our analysis indicates that markers located in loci known to influence fat mass through increased appetite affect obesity in Saudi Arabians to an extent possibly greater than in Europeans.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Genetic diversity of OXA-51-like genes among multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We explore the genetic diversity of class D oxacillinases, including OXA-23, -24 (-40), -58 and, particularly, the intrinsic OXA-51-like genes, among multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii strains from inpatients at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Riyadh: emergence of CTX-M-15-producing E. coli ST131. The aim of this study was to further characterise and to assess the occurrence of ESBL-EC in Riyadh, to use pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing to investigate the epidemiology of ESBL-EC and to determine the prevalence of ST131 in ESBL-EC. METHODS: A total of 152 E. coli isolates were collected at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh from September 2010 to June 2011. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27 β-lactamases and the detection of the ST131 clone in Saudi E. coli isolates.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The search was conducted using the electronic library of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Public awareness and attitudes toward epilepsy in Saudi Arabia is improving. OBJECTIVE: To examine public awareness and attitudes toward epilepsy in Riyadh, the capital city of Saudi Arabia. Personal interviews were conducted randomly by one author in preselected public places in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during March and April 2011. CONCLUSION: The awareness and attitudes of the Saudi public toward epilepsy are showing some improvement.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence and characteristics of colonic polyps and adenomas in 2654 colonoscopies in Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND/AIMS: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common malignancy in the Saudi population, with an increasing incidence over the past 20 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using an endoscopic reporting database of individuals seen at a major tertiary care university hospital (King Khalid University Hospital) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Consecutive Saudi patients who underwent a colonoscopy between August 2007 and April 2012 were included.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Group B strains of human respiratory syncytial virus in Saudi Arabia: molecular and phylogenetic analysis. The genetic variability and circulation pattern of human respiratory syncytial virus group B (HRSV-B) strains, identified in Riyadh during the winters of 2008 and 2009, were evaluated by partial sequencing of the attachment (G) protein gene. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all Saudi strains belonged to the genotype BA, which is characterized by 60-nucleotide duplication at HVR-2. Amino acid sequence analysis demonstrated 18 amino acid substitutions in Saudi HRSV-B strains; among which five are specific for individual strains. Furthermore, two potential N-glycosylation sites at residues 230 and 296 were identified for all Saudi strains, and an additional site at amino acid 273 was found only in Riyadh 28/2008 strain. O-glycosylation was predicted in 42-43 sites, where the majority (no = 38) are highly conserved among Saudi strains. The average ratio between non-synonymous and synonymous mutations (ω) implied stabilizing selection pressure on G protein, with evidences of positive selection on certain Saudi strains. This report provides preliminary data on the circulation pattern and molecular characteristics of HRSV-B strains circulating in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Mucolipidosis II: first report from Saudi Arabia. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: This is a case series study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2008-2012. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We described three unrelated Saudi children who presented with neonatal hyperparathyroidism, microcephaly, craniosynostosis, coarse facial features, cardiac involvement, and skeletal deformities.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The relationship between cytokine gene polymorphism and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion in Saudi females. METHODS: The study group comprised 65 women (mean age: 34.1+/-6.2; range: 15-45 years) with unexplained RSA, consecutively referred to the Recurrent Abortion Clinic, King Khaled University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from January 2010 to January 2011.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: This cross sectional study was carried out at the Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from January to June 2009.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Epilepsy: What do health-care professionals in Riyadh know? PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to report on the knowledge of epilepsy, as well as attitudes and practices toward individuals with epilepsy, among health-care professionals in Riyadh, the capital city of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A survey consisting of 23 questions pertaining to epilepsy awareness was distributed to health education workers (n=51), nutritionists (n=56), physicians (n=265), dentists (n=58), pharmacists (n=41), nurses (n=224), physiotherapists (n=65), and fifth-year medical students (n=62) in three tertiary hospitals in Riyadh. However, 67% of respondents would not want their children to marry an individual with epilepsy, 97.9% of respondents believed that individuals with epilepsy should have the same employment opportunities as the general population, 10.5% believe that supernatural power is the cause of epilepsy, 67.2% did not know how to deal with an individual experiencing an epileptic episode, and 56% did not know that surgery was a treatment option for individuals with epilepsy in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: The level of epilepsy awareness among health-care professionals in Riyadh needs improvement.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Epilepsy; what do Saudi's living in Riyadh know? PURPOSE: Epilepsy is very common in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with a prevalence of 6.54 per 1000. The present study was conducted to investigate the level of public awareness, and the attitudes and knowledge regarding epilepsy in the Saudi population in Riyadh - capital city of Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A survey consisting of 19 questions pertaining to epilepsy awareness was distributed to Saudi citizens living in Riyadh older than 15 years of age in malls, supermarkets, health clubs, mosques, universities and schools. A total of 1509 (21.3%) respondents were not aware of a single potential cause of epilepsy, 3493 (50.6%) would not seek medical advice if one of their relatives had epilepsy, 2221 (31.4%) did not know how to deal with an individual experiencing an epileptic episode and 6554 (92.6%) did not know that surgery was a treatment option for individuals with epilepsy in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: The level of epilepsy awareness in the Saudi population needs improvement.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Nutritional assessment and obesity in Down syndrome children and their siblings in Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, between February and May 2011. CONCLUSION: Obesity appears to be a prominent feature among Saudi DS children.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Presenting features of childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease in the central region of Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presenting features of childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the central region of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and to compare with those reported in the literature. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of medical records of children below 18 years of age at onset of symptoms with confirmed diagnosis of IBD for age, gender, family history, presenting clinical and laboratory findings in the Divisions of Pediatric and Adult Gastroenterology, King Khalid University Hospital (which provides free health care) and the Department of Gastroenterology Al Mofarreh Poly Clinic, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 1993 and December 2010.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “We included one sample from each patient (84 isolates of A. baumannii and 33 isolates of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients seen at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from June to December 2010).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Assessment of noise levels in 200 Mosques in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RESULTS: Noise levels were measured at 200 mosque prayer rooms from all 15 municipal districts of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Screening of hepatitis B and C and human immunodeficiency virus in infertile couples in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a group of infertile couples attending a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was performed by reviewing medical records of 500 couples referred to the Reproductive Endocrine and Infertility Medicine Department of the Women's Specialized Hospital at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between January 2006 and December 2008. CONCLUSION: We found a high prevalence for HBV and HCV in a group of Saudi infertile population. Due to the risks of cross sectional and vertical transmission of these infections, and despite the low incidence of HIV infection and the cost implications, it is important to screen all Saudi infertile couples for these infections prior to embarking on fertility treatments.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia. However, similar studies from high-burden countries with low prevalence of HIV like Saudi Arabia are lacking. A retrospective analysis was carried out on all patients (n=431) with a culture - proven diagnosis of tuberculosis seen at University teaching hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January 2001 to December 2007.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus recovered from outpatient clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: Thirty-seven strains of S. aureus collected in 2007 from outpatient clinics in King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, were tested in the College of Pharmacy phenotypically by conventional methods and genotypically by PCR for direct detection of S. aureus 16S rRNA and mecA genes.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Anal fistula plug in high fistula-in-ano: an early Saudi experience. Its efficacy was studied in a series of patients at King Khalid University Hospital, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “To evaluate the diabetic complications and fate of diabetic nephropathy in Saudi population, we studied 184 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients who were referred to nephrology clinic of King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from January 2003-June 2006. DN was relatively refractory to therapy and progressive; 123 (66.8%) patients doubled their serum creatinine in 3.59 +/- 2.88 years, 32 (17.3%) maintained stable renal function, 136 (73.6 %) deteriorated, and 12 (6.52%) improved. we conclude that the prevalence of diabetic complications is high among Saudi patients, and many had multiple complications.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Both patients were treated at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Echocardiographic abnormalities in adolescent and adult Saudi patients with sickle cell disease. OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular complications in sickle cell disease (SCD) have been well documented but cardiac involvement in Saudi patients with SCD is not known. We sought to identify cardiac abnormalities by echocardiography in adolescent and adult Saudi patients with stable SCD. METHODS: Sixty-five consecutive patients with SCD followed at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, were prospectively studied from January 2005 to December 2005. CONCLUSION: Cardiac abnormalities are found in a significant proportion of Saudi patients with SCD.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “The Saudi Royal Cabinet issued the Saudi Royal Decree No. Therefore, this study was organized and conducted to reveal the perception of the community regarding the program, through a purpose-made questionnaire that was distributed during symposia and awareness lectures held throughout the Kingdom (Riyadh, Jeddah, Dammam, Al-Khobar, Al-Ahsa, Al-Qassim, and Madinah).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Attitudes to prenatal and preimplantation diagnosis in Saudi parents at genetic risk. BACKGROUND: Prenatal diagnosis (PND) is only available for severe abnormality in Saudi Arabia, and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has been proposed as a valuable alternative. The acceptability of PGD is unexplored, and may ultimately determine the value of this technology in Saudi Arabia. This study reports attitudes towards PND and PGD of Saudi couples offered genetic counselling following the birth of a child with a single gene or chromosomal condition. METHODS: Thirty couples attending the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia to identify all cases of congenital aniridia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Autoimmune connection of autism in Central Saudi Arabia. This study tests the autoimmune mechanisms in the pathogenesis for autism in autistic children in the Riyadh area. METHODS: The study took place in the Riyadh area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between September 2003 and April 2004.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Heavy metals and trace elements in hair samples of autistic children in central Saudi Arabia. The aim of the present study is to examine levels of trace elements and heavy metals in hair samples, of autism spectrum disorders in the Riyadh area. METHODS: The study was conducted in Riyadh area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between September 2003 and April 2004.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Altered oxytocin and vasopressin levels in autistic children in Central Saudi Arabia. METHODS: The study was conducted in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between September 2003 and April 2004. Seventy-seven autistic child from Riyadh area participated in the study, with the confirmed diagnosis according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria of autism.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Exploring public knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among the general public in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: The study employed self-administered questionnaires to collect data from individuals aged 15 years or older who attended Primary Health Centers (PHC) in Riyadh City. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Saudi Arabia is low, health care providers in general, and PHC centers in particular, should be involved in intensive educational programs as a part of their professional mission to help the general public acquire appropriate knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Nonketotic hyperglycinemia in Suleimaniah Children's Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “OBJECTIVES: One aim of this study was to identify clones of invasive PNS S pneumoniae among isolates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The second aim was to compare these clones with international clones to track their spread in Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSIONS: The present study identified the spread of the 4 most commonPNS S pneumoniae isolates (clones)-19A, 613, 23F, and 9V-to Riyadh, but identified no new clones among patients having invasive infection with S pneumoniae in Riyadh. This study emphasizes that international PNS clones have contributed to the prevalence and spread of PNS pneumococci among the clinical isolates in Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Caries experience and oral hygiene status of blind, deaf and mentally retarded female children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: To determine the caries experience and oral hygiene status in blind, deaf and mentally retarded female children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHOD: All (N=218) the 6-7-year-old and 11-12-year-old blind, deaf and mentally retarded female children registered with the Presidency of Girls' Education schools in Riyadh were examined for dental caries and oral hygiene in a dental operatory setting.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV-1, 2 and HTLV-I/II infections among blood donors in a teaching hospital in the Central region of Saudi Arabia. The purpose of this study was to establish the current prevalence of hepatitis viruses (B and C) and human retroviruses (HIV-1, 2 and human T-lymphotropic virus type I and II, HTLV-I /II) among blood donors at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: Serological markers of HBV, HCV, HIV 1, 2 and HTLV-I/II were studied in 24173 (23952 males and 221 females), 20423 Saudi and 3750 non-Saudi blood donors, using commercially available kits, over a period of 3 years from January 2000 to December 2002 at KKUH, Riyadh, KSA. The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV positivity was significantly more prevalent among non-Saudi compared to Saudi donors. The prevalence varies from one group to another, being the lowest among Saudi and young donors. Therefore, extensive recruitment of Saudi and young donors should help ensure a long-term increase in the blood supply without jeopardizing safety.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “OBJECTIVE: To review the screening program for congenital hypothyroidism in the Riyadh Al-Kharj Hospital Programme, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and to investigate the clinical and biochemical characteristics of affected infants. METHODS: The study was carried out from 1985 to 2000 in the Clinical Chemistry Division, Department of Pathology, Riyadh Armed Forces Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION: The screening program based on initial measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone in cord blood captures 97% of infants born in the Riyadh Al-Kharj Hospital Programme.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Our studies of the Saudi population have shown that in patients with mild presentation of sickle-cell disease (SCD) from Saudi Arabia's eastern region, the prevalence of polymorphic sites is high. We expanded these studies to a group of Yemeni patients with severe SCD, resident in Riyadh. In the Hb SS individuals, the prevalence of Xmn I polymorphic sites was similar to the prevalence reported in the south-western region of Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Zellweger syndrome in Saudi Arabia and its distinct features. Clinical and laboratory findings of Zellweger syndrome (ZS) patients diagnosed at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH & RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over a period of 10 years are presented in this report. The tribal living in Saudi Arabia and our observation that 10 of the 11 parents in this study were first-degree relatives and, except for families 1 and 3, each family had at least another baby who died of the same disease. This suggests that the incidence of ZS in Saudi Arabia may actually be higher than our experience at KFSH & RC.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Risk factors of stroke at high and low altitude areas in Saudi Arabia. BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of stroke at different geographical locations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has not been adequately investigated. METHODS: In this study, clinical types and risk factors of stroke were compared among patients at low-altitude (Riyadh, 620 m) and high-altitude (Al Baha > 2000 m) areas using a case-control study design. One-hundred ninety recently diagnosed cases (109 from Riyadh and 81 from Al Baha) were verified and subjects were interviewed.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “During the period from January 1995 to January 1996 blood units from 8747 blood donors were screened for blood-borne viruses at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Sickle cell and G-6-PD deficiency gene in cord blood samples: experience at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh. This was the lowest frequency identified so far in different regions of Saudi Arabia. This is the first report of Hb S and G-6-PD deficiency genes in cord blood samples in Riyadh. Comparison of the results in Riyadh with values reported elsewhere showed that Riyadh had the lowest frequency of both Hb S and G-6-PD deficiency gene.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Seventeen cases of non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) were diagnosed prenatally at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia over a period of 15 years (1979-1994).” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Oncogenic mutations in the rb1 gene in retinoblastoma tumors from patients from the kingdom of saudi-arabia. Five retinoblastoma tumours from patients treated in the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital in Riyadh were analysed for mutations in the RB1 gene using single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and mutations were found in all of them. The nature of the mutations found in this series of patients from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, therefore, are similar to those found in other populations throughout the world and show no evidence for mutation hotspots within the RB1 gene.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Aetiology of chronic diarrhoea in children: experience at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Forty-four patients were Saudi and four were non-Saudi Arabs.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Pernicious anemia in Saudi Arabs. Over a five-year period extending from January 1986 to December 1990, seven cases of pernicious anemia in Saudi patients were diagnosed at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “At King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre (KFSH&RC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, nurses have been recruited from over 25 different countries. Cultural variants related to caring for Saudi patients by a multinational work force with differing cultural backgrounds as well as differing educational programs for nurses was reviewed in terms of their impact on staffing an oncology unit.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Vision examination of children in Riyadh's handicapped children house. Fifty-eight children with neuromuscular handicap participating in a habilitation program at Riyadh, Saudi Arabia underwent an abbreviated vision examination evaluating their visual status.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Neuro-developmental problems in children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: 1-year's experience in a family practice centre.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Study of ultraviolet radiation and genotoxic effects of natural sunlight in relation to skin cancer in Saudi Arabia. Sunlight-related biological effects such as skin cancer, sunburning, and synthesis of vitamin D in the body have been found to be very low in people in the midregion of Saudi Arabia. The present studies were undertaken to measure the sunburning-carcinogenic ultraviolet light (UV) radiation (UV-B) in natural sunlight in the city of Riyadh (25 degrees north latitude). The results of UV measurements and biological studies suggest that an appreciable amount of potentially carcinogenic short UV wavelengths is present in sunlight in the Riyadh area.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Cerebral palsy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: II. One hundred and ninety infants with cerebral palsy were studied in Riyadh , Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is making rapid economic, social and medical progress, but currently facilities to meet the needs of cerebral palsy victims and their families are inadequate.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |
| population | Saudi Arabia, Riyadh | “Hemoglobin Riyadh--alpha2beta2 (120(GH3)Lys replaced by Asn). On a field trip toSaudi Arabia (M.A.F.E.H.) in which the relationship between alpha-thalassemia and iron deficiency was studied, a fast moving hemoglobin variant was noted in a 30 year old Saudi Arabian woman. This variant had not been described previously and has been named Hb Riyadh.” | 0.95 | saudi_context_rules_v1 |